A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens
Levels of trace element pollution in surface soil can be estimated using soil analyses and leaching tests. These methods may reveal different results due to the effect of soil properties, such as grain size and mineral composition, on elemental availability. Therefore, this study advocates an altern...
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doaj-52dfd0d2beed4341828bfb7272b2333b2020-11-24T23:55:14ZengMDPI AGEnvironments2076-32982016-12-01343510.3390/environments3040035environments3040035A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose LichensYuri Sueoka0Masayuki Sakakibara1Sakae Sano2Yoshikazu Yamamoto3Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, JapanGraduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, JapanFaculty of Education, Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, JapanOsaka Museum of Natural History, Ikeda-Kitamachi 24-1, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-0073, JapanLevels of trace element pollution in surface soil can be estimated using soil analyses and leaching tests. These methods may reveal different results due to the effect of soil properties, such as grain size and mineral composition, on elemental availability. Therefore, this study advocates an alternative method for monitoring and assessment of trace element pollution in surface soil using terricolous fruticose lichens. Lichens growing at abandoned mine sites and unpolluted areas in southwest Japan and their substrata were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to clarify the relationships between Cu, Zn, As, and Pb concentrations in lichens and soils, including their absorption properties. Concentrations of these elements in the lichens were positively correlated with those in the soils regardless of lichen species, location, habitat, or conditions of soils. The analyzed lichens had neither competitive nor antagonistic properties in their elemental absorption, which made them good biomonitors of trace element pollution in surface soil. The distribution maps of average Cu, Zn, As, and Pb concentrations at each sampling region detected almost all of the Cu, Zn, and As pollution of the soils. Therefore, lichens could be used in practical applications to monitor Cu, Zn, and As pollution in surface soils.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/3/4/35biomonitorenvironmental assessmentelemental competitionbioconcentration factor |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yuri Sueoka Masayuki Sakakibara Sakae Sano Yoshikazu Yamamoto |
spellingShingle |
Yuri Sueoka Masayuki Sakakibara Sakae Sano Yoshikazu Yamamoto A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens Environments biomonitor environmental assessment elemental competition bioconcentration factor |
author_facet |
Yuri Sueoka Masayuki Sakakibara Sakae Sano Yoshikazu Yamamoto |
author_sort |
Yuri Sueoka |
title |
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens |
title_short |
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens |
title_full |
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens |
title_fullStr |
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens |
title_full_unstemmed |
A New Method of Environmental Assessment and Monitoring of Cu, Zn, As, and Pb Pollution in Surface Soil Using Terricolous Fruticose Lichens |
title_sort |
new method of environmental assessment and monitoring of cu, zn, as, and pb pollution in surface soil using terricolous fruticose lichens |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Environments |
issn |
2076-3298 |
publishDate |
2016-12-01 |
description |
Levels of trace element pollution in surface soil can be estimated using soil analyses and leaching tests. These methods may reveal different results due to the effect of soil properties, such as grain size and mineral composition, on elemental availability. Therefore, this study advocates an alternative method for monitoring and assessment of trace element pollution in surface soil using terricolous fruticose lichens. Lichens growing at abandoned mine sites and unpolluted areas in southwest Japan and their substrata were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and X-ray fluorescence spectrometry to clarify the relationships between Cu, Zn, As, and Pb concentrations in lichens and soils, including their absorption properties. Concentrations of these elements in the lichens were positively correlated with those in the soils regardless of lichen species, location, habitat, or conditions of soils. The analyzed lichens had neither competitive nor antagonistic properties in their elemental absorption, which made them good biomonitors of trace element pollution in surface soil. The distribution maps of average Cu, Zn, As, and Pb concentrations at each sampling region detected almost all of the Cu, Zn, and As pollution of the soils. Therefore, lichens could be used in practical applications to monitor Cu, Zn, and As pollution in surface soils. |
topic |
biomonitor environmental assessment elemental competition bioconcentration factor |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3298/3/4/35 |
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