Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is t...
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doaj-5378e2f71bbf43829c50d554461be3862020-11-25T00:37:29ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212018-11-0171217010.3390/antiox7120170antiox7120170Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols MetabolitesGabriele Serreli0Monica Deiana1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, SS 554, km 4.5, 09042 Monserrato, ItalyExtra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/7/12/170hydroxytyrosoltyrosolextra virgin olive oilpolyphenolsmetaboliteshomovanillyl alcoholhomovanillic acid |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gabriele Serreli Monica Deiana |
spellingShingle |
Gabriele Serreli Monica Deiana Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites Antioxidants hydroxytyrosol tyrosol extra virgin olive oil polyphenols metabolites homovanillyl alcohol homovanillic acid |
author_facet |
Gabriele Serreli Monica Deiana |
author_sort |
Gabriele Serreli |
title |
Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites |
title_short |
Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites |
title_full |
Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites |
title_fullStr |
Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites |
title_sort |
biological relevance of extra virgin olive oil polyphenols metabolites |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Antioxidants |
issn |
2076-3921 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds. |
topic |
hydroxytyrosol tyrosol extra virgin olive oil polyphenols metabolites homovanillyl alcohol homovanillic acid |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/7/12/170 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT gabrieleserreli biologicalrelevanceofextravirginoliveoilpolyphenolsmetabolites AT monicadeiana biologicalrelevanceofextravirginoliveoilpolyphenolsmetabolites |
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