A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability
Water stress (WS) during spike development strongly affects final grain yield and grain quality in cereals. Proline, an osmoprotectant amino-acid, may contribute to alleviating the effects of cell and tissue dehydration. We studied five spring barley genotypes contrasting in their drought response,...
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doaj-53b99afcab9c4bfeb526f84b668665e22021-02-25T06:20:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-02-011210.3389/fpls.2021.633448633448A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water AvailabilityFelix Frimpong0Felix Frimpong1Carel W. Windt2Dagmar van Dusschoten3Ali A. Naz4Michael Frei5Fabio Fiorani6Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, GermanyCSIR-Crops Research Institute, Kumasi, GhanaInstitute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, GermanyInstitute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, GermanyDepartment of Plant Breeding, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyInstitute of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Gießen, GermanyInstitute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, GermanyWater stress (WS) during spike development strongly affects final grain yield and grain quality in cereals. Proline, an osmoprotectant amino-acid, may contribute to alleviating the effects of cell and tissue dehydration. We studied five spring barley genotypes contrasting in their drought response, including two introgression lines, S42IL-143 and S42IL-141, harboring a Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1- P5cs1 allele originating from the wild barley accession ISR42-8. We tested the hypothesis that barley genotypes harboring a wild allele at P5cs1 locus are comparatively more drought-tolerant at the reproductive stage by inducing proline accumulation in their immature spikes. At the booting stage, we subjected plants to well-watered and WS treatments until physiological maturity. Several morpho-physiological traits had significant genotype by treatment interaction and reduction under WS. Varying levels of genotypic proline accumulation and differences in WS tolerance were observed. Spike proline accumulation was higher than leaf proline accumulation for all genotypes under WS. Also, introgression lines carrying a wild allele at P5cs1 locus had a markedly higher spike and leaf proline content compared with the other genotypes. These introgression lines showed milder drought symptoms compared with elite genotypes, remained photosynthetically active under WS, and maintained their intrinsic water use efficiency. These combined responses contributed to the achievement of higher final seed productivity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of whole spikes at the soft dough stage showed an increase in seed abortion among the elite genotypes compared with the introgression lines 15 days after WS treatment. Our results suggest that proline accumulation at the reproductive stage contributes to the maintenance of grain formation under water shortage.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.633448/fullbarleyintrogression linesseed yieldproline accumulationpyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1water stress |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Felix Frimpong Felix Frimpong Carel W. Windt Dagmar van Dusschoten Ali A. Naz Michael Frei Fabio Fiorani |
spellingShingle |
Felix Frimpong Felix Frimpong Carel W. Windt Dagmar van Dusschoten Ali A. Naz Michael Frei Fabio Fiorani A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability Frontiers in Plant Science barley introgression lines seed yield proline accumulation pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1 water stress |
author_facet |
Felix Frimpong Felix Frimpong Carel W. Windt Dagmar van Dusschoten Ali A. Naz Michael Frei Fabio Fiorani |
author_sort |
Felix Frimpong |
title |
A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability |
title_short |
A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability |
title_full |
A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability |
title_fullStr |
A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability |
title_full_unstemmed |
A Wild Allele of Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthase1 Leads to Proline Accumulation in Spikes and Leaves of Barley Contributing to Improved Performance Under Reduced Water Availability |
title_sort |
wild allele of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1 leads to proline accumulation in spikes and leaves of barley contributing to improved performance under reduced water availability |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Water stress (WS) during spike development strongly affects final grain yield and grain quality in cereals. Proline, an osmoprotectant amino-acid, may contribute to alleviating the effects of cell and tissue dehydration. We studied five spring barley genotypes contrasting in their drought response, including two introgression lines, S42IL-143 and S42IL-141, harboring a Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1- P5cs1 allele originating from the wild barley accession ISR42-8. We tested the hypothesis that barley genotypes harboring a wild allele at P5cs1 locus are comparatively more drought-tolerant at the reproductive stage by inducing proline accumulation in their immature spikes. At the booting stage, we subjected plants to well-watered and WS treatments until physiological maturity. Several morpho-physiological traits had significant genotype by treatment interaction and reduction under WS. Varying levels of genotypic proline accumulation and differences in WS tolerance were observed. Spike proline accumulation was higher than leaf proline accumulation for all genotypes under WS. Also, introgression lines carrying a wild allele at P5cs1 locus had a markedly higher spike and leaf proline content compared with the other genotypes. These introgression lines showed milder drought symptoms compared with elite genotypes, remained photosynthetically active under WS, and maintained their intrinsic water use efficiency. These combined responses contributed to the achievement of higher final seed productivity. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of whole spikes at the soft dough stage showed an increase in seed abortion among the elite genotypes compared with the introgression lines 15 days after WS treatment. Our results suggest that proline accumulation at the reproductive stage contributes to the maintenance of grain formation under water shortage. |
topic |
barley introgression lines seed yield proline accumulation pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase1 water stress |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.633448/full |
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