Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of three dosing regimens of agalsidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy in adults with Fabry disease

• Main Authors: Goláň L, Goker-Alpan O, Holida M, Kantola I, Klopotowski M, Kuusisto J, Linhart A, Musial J, Nicholls K, Gonzalez-Rodriguez D, Sharma R, Vujkovac B, Chang P, Wijatyk A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2015-07-01
• Series: Drug Design, Development and Therapy
• Online Access: http://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-of-the-efficacy-and-safety-of-three-dosing-regimens-of-agal-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT

Lubor Goláň,1 Ozlem Goker-Alpan,2 Myrl Holida,3 Ikka Kantola,4 Mariusz Klopotowski,5 Johanna Kuusisto,6 Aleš Linhart,1 Jacek Musial,7 Kathleen Nicholls,8 Derlis Gonzalez-Rodriguez,9 Reena Sharma,10 Bojan Vujkovac,11 Peter Chang,12 Anna Wijatyk12 1First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 2Lysosomal Research and Treatment Unit, Fairfax, VA, USA; 3Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; 4Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; 5Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland; 6Department of Medicine, Center for Medicine and Clinical Research, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; 8Department of Nephrology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and the University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; 9Instituto Privado de Hematologia E Investigacion Clinica (IPHIC), Asuncion, Paraguay; 10Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK; 11General Hospital Slovenj Gradec, Slovenj Gradec, Slovenia; 12Shire, Lexington, MA, USA Purpose: Efficacy and safety of agalsidase alfa at 0.2 mg/kg weekly were compared with 0.2 mg/kg every other week (EOW). Exploratory analyses were performed for 0.4 mg/kg weekly.Patients and methods: This was a 53-week, Phase III/IV, multicenter, open-label study (NCT01124643) in treatment-naïve adults (≥18 years) with Fabry disease. Inclusion criteria were left ventricular hypertrophy at baseline, defined as left ventricular mass indexed to height >50 g/m2.7 for males and >47 g/m2.7 for females. Primary endpoint was reduction of left ventricular mass indexed to height as assessed by echocardiography. Secondary endpoints included cardiac (peak oxygen consumption, 6-minute walk test, Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, New York Heart Association classification), renal (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate), and biomarker (plasma globotriaosylceramide) assessments. Safety endpoints were adverse events and anti–agalsidase alfa antibodies.Results: Twenty patients were randomized to 0.2 mg/kg EOW (mean age, 50.3 years; 70% male), 19 to 0.2 mg/kg weekly (51.8 years; 53% male), and 5 to 0.4 mg/kg weekly (49.4 years; 40% male). The mean change in left ventricular mass indexed to height by Week 53 in the 0.2-mg/kg EOW and weekly groups was 3.2 g/m2.7 and 0.5 g/m2.7, with no significant difference between groups. No clinically meaningful changes by Week 53 were found within or between the 0.2-mg/kg groups for peak oxygen consumption, 6-minute walk test, or Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Two patients in each group improved by ≥1 New York Heart Association classi­fication. No significant differences were found between 0.2 mg/kg EOW and weekly for mean change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (-1.21 mL/min/1.73 m2 vs -3.32 mL/min/1.73 m2) or plasma globotriaosylceramide (-1.05 nmol/mL vs -2.13 nmol/mL), respectively. Infusion-related adverse events were experienced by 25% and 21% in the 0.2-mg/kg EOW and weekly groups. Tachycardia, fatigue, and hypotension were experienced by two or more patients overall. Anti–agalsidase alfa antibodies were detected in 11.4% of patients and neutralizing antibodies in 6.8%. Infusion-related reactions did not appear to be correlated with antibody status.Conclusion: No efficacy or safety differences were found when the approved EOW dosage of agalsidase alfa was increased to weekly administration. Exploratory analyses for 0.4 mg/kg weekly showed similar results. Keywords: adverse events, exercise tolerance, left ventricular hypertrophy, lysosomal storage disorder, quality of life, renal function