Family-related non-abuse adverse life experiences occurring for adults diagnosed with eating disorders: a systematic review

• Main Authors: Katie Grogan, Diarmuid MacGarry, Jessica Bramham, Mary Scriven, Caroline Maher, Amanda Fitzgerald
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2020-07-01
• Series: Journal of Eating Disorders
• Subjects: Anorexia nervosa; Bulimia nervosa; Binge eating disorders; Eating disorders; Non-abuse adverse life experiences; Family adversity
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40337-020-00311-6

Abstract Background Although previous reviews suggest a strong association between abuse and eating disorders, less is known about non-abuse adverse life experiences, such as parental mental illness or family discord, which occur frequently for this population. The aim of the current study was to identify family-related non-abuse adverse life experiences occurring for adults with eating disorders, and to establish whether they occur for people with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or binge-eating disorder more than the general population and other psychiatric populations. Method A systematic review of studies focusing on family-related non-abuse adverse life experiences and eating disorders was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. The search string was applied to four electronic databases including Psycinfo, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL Plus and EMBASE. Results Of the 26 studies selected for inclusion, six types of family-related non-abuse adverse life experiences were identified: adverse parenting style; family disharmony; loss of a family member, relative or close person; familial mental health issues; family comments about eating, or shape, weight and appearance; and family disruptions. Findings provided tentative evidence for eating disorder specific (i.e. parental demands and criticism) and non-specific (i.e. familial loss and family disruptions) non-abuse adversities, with findings also suggesting that those with bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder were more impacted by loss, family separations and negative parent-child interactions compared to those with anorexia nervosa. Conclusions This review provides a clear synthesis of previous findings relating to family-related non-abuse adverse life experiences and eating disorders in adults. Implications for trauma-informed care in clinical practice were discussed (e.g. considering the impact of past life events, understanding the function of ED behaviours, reducing the risk of potential re-traumatisation).