Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots
Tanshinones, the major bioactive components in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge (Danshen), are synthesized via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway or the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway and the downstream biosynthesis pathway. In this study, the bacterial component lipopol...
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doaj-570745c61ace40e2b957ff35b57e28892020-12-17T00:01:09ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-12-01219576957610.3390/ijms21249576Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy RootsBin Zhang0Xueying Li1Xiuhong Li2Zhigang Lu3Xiaona Cai4Qing Ou Yang5Pengda Ma6Juane Dong7College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, No.3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, ChinaTanshinones, the major bioactive components in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge (Danshen), are synthesized via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway or the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway and the downstream biosynthesis pathway. In this study, the bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was utilized as a novel elicitor to induce the wild type hairy roots of <i>S. miltiorrhiza.</i> HPLC analysis revealed that LPS treatment resulted in a significant accumulation of cryptotanshinone (CT) and dihydrotanshinone I (DTI). qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that biosynthesis genes such as <i>SmAACT</i> and <i>SmHMGS</i> from the MVA pathway, <i>SmDXS</i> and <i>SmHDR</i> from the MEP pathway, and <i>SmCPS</i>, <i>SmKSL</i> and <i>SmCYP76AH1</i> from the downstream pathway were markedly upregulated by LPS in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, transcription factors <i>Sm</i>WRKY1 and <i>Sm</i>WRKY2, which can activate the expression of <i>SmDXR</i>, <i>SmDXS</i> and <i>SmCPS</i>, were also increased by LPS. Since Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling is essential for the LPS-triggered immune response, Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel blocker LaCl<sub>3</sub> and CaM antagonist W-7 were used to investigate the role of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling in tanshinone biosynthesis. HPLC analysis demonstrated that both LaCl<sub>3</sub> and W-7 diminished LPS-induced tanshinone accumulation. The downstream biosynthesis genes including <i>SmCPS</i> and <i>SmCYP76AH1</i> were especially regulated by Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. To summarize, LPS enhances tanshinone biosynthesis through <i>Sm</i>WRKY1- and <i>Sm</i>WRKY2-regulated pathways relying on Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal transduction plays a key role in regulating tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9576lipopolysaccharidetanshinonesCa<sup>2+</sup> signaling<i>Sm</i>WRKY |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Bin Zhang Xueying Li Xiuhong Li Zhigang Lu Xiaona Cai Qing Ou Yang Pengda Ma Juane Dong |
spellingShingle |
Bin Zhang Xueying Li Xiuhong Li Zhigang Lu Xiaona Cai Qing Ou Yang Pengda Ma Juane Dong Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots International Journal of Molecular Sciences lipopolysaccharide tanshinones Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling <i>Sm</i>WRKY |
author_facet |
Bin Zhang Xueying Li Xiuhong Li Zhigang Lu Xiaona Cai Qing Ou Yang Pengda Ma Juane Dong |
author_sort |
Bin Zhang |
title |
Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots |
title_short |
Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots |
title_full |
Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots |
title_fullStr |
Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots |
title_full_unstemmed |
Lipopolysaccharide Enhances Tanshinone Biosynthesis via a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-Dependent Manner in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Hairy Roots |
title_sort |
lipopolysaccharide enhances tanshinone biosynthesis via a ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent manner in <i>salvia miltiorrhiza</i> hairy roots |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Tanshinones, the major bioactive components in <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge (Danshen), are synthesized via the mevalonic acid (MVA) pathway or the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway and the downstream biosynthesis pathway. In this study, the bacterial component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was utilized as a novel elicitor to induce the wild type hairy roots of <i>S. miltiorrhiza.</i> HPLC analysis revealed that LPS treatment resulted in a significant accumulation of cryptotanshinone (CT) and dihydrotanshinone I (DTI). qRT-PCR analysis confirmed that biosynthesis genes such as <i>SmAACT</i> and <i>SmHMGS</i> from the MVA pathway, <i>SmDXS</i> and <i>SmHDR</i> from the MEP pathway, and <i>SmCPS</i>, <i>SmKSL</i> and <i>SmCYP76AH1</i> from the downstream pathway were markedly upregulated by LPS in a time-dependent manner. Furthermore, transcription factors <i>Sm</i>WRKY1 and <i>Sm</i>WRKY2, which can activate the expression of <i>SmDXR</i>, <i>SmDXS</i> and <i>SmCPS</i>, were also increased by LPS. Since Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling is essential for the LPS-triggered immune response, Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel blocker LaCl<sub>3</sub> and CaM antagonist W-7 were used to investigate the role of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling in tanshinone biosynthesis. HPLC analysis demonstrated that both LaCl<sub>3</sub> and W-7 diminished LPS-induced tanshinone accumulation. The downstream biosynthesis genes including <i>SmCPS</i> and <i>SmCYP76AH1</i> were especially regulated by Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. To summarize, LPS enhances tanshinone biosynthesis through <i>Sm</i>WRKY1- and <i>Sm</i>WRKY2-regulated pathways relying on Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling. Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal transduction plays a key role in regulating tanshinone biosynthesis in <i>S. miltiorrhiza</i>. |
topic |
lipopolysaccharide tanshinones Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling <i>Sm</i>WRKY |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/24/9576 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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