The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply
A vast majority of terrestrial plants are dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for their nutrient acquisition. AMF act as an extension of the root system helping phosphate uptake. In agriculture, harnessing the symbiosis can potentially increase plant growth. Application of the AMF Rhizop...
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doaj-577a0f359c5e4d7497eff81b7fe504762021-06-22T06:43:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-06-011210.3389/fpls.2021.693037693037The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus SupplyRicardo Alexander Peña Venegas0Soon-Jae Lee1Moses Thuita2Deusdedit Peter Mlay3Cargele Masso4Bernard Vanlauwe5Alia Rodriguez6Ian R. Sanders7Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandInternational Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Kenya, Nairobi, KenyaTanzania Agricultural Research Institute, Mwanza, TanzaniaInternational Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Cameroon, Yaoundé, CameroonInternational Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Kenya, Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Biology, National University of Colombia, Bogotá, ColombiaDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandA vast majority of terrestrial plants are dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for their nutrient acquisition. AMF act as an extension of the root system helping phosphate uptake. In agriculture, harnessing the symbiosis can potentially increase plant growth. Application of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis has been demonstrated to increase the yields of various crops. However, there is a paradigm that AMF colonization of roots, as well as the plant benefits afforded by inoculation with AMF, decreases with increasing phosphorus (P) supply in the soil. The paradigm suggests that when fertilized with sufficient P, inoculation of crops would not be beneficial. However, the majority of experiments demonstrating the paradigm were conducted in sterile conditions without a background AMF or soil microbial community. Interestingly, intraspecific variation in R. irregularis can greatly alter the yield of cassava even at a full application of the recommended P dose. Cassava is a globally important crop, feeding 800 million people worldwide, and a crop that is highly dependent on AMF for P uptake. In this study, field trials were conducted at three locations in Kenya and Tanzania using different AMF and cassava varieties under different P fertilization levels to test if the paradigm occurs in tropical field conditions. We found that AMF colonization and inoculation responsiveness of cassava does not always decrease with an increased P supply as expected by the paradigm. The obtained results demonstrate that maximizing the inoculation responsiveness of cassava is not necessarily only in conditions of low P availability, but that this is dependent on cassava and fungal genotypes. Thus, the modeling of plant symbiosis with AMF under different P levels in nature should be considered with caution.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.693037/fullRhizophagus irregularisintraspecific variationManihot esculenta Cranz.phosphorus fertilizationphosphatemycorrhizal symbiosis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ricardo Alexander Peña Venegas Soon-Jae Lee Moses Thuita Deusdedit Peter Mlay Cargele Masso Bernard Vanlauwe Alia Rodriguez Ian R. Sanders |
spellingShingle |
Ricardo Alexander Peña Venegas Soon-Jae Lee Moses Thuita Deusdedit Peter Mlay Cargele Masso Bernard Vanlauwe Alia Rodriguez Ian R. Sanders The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply Frontiers in Plant Science Rhizophagus irregularis intraspecific variation Manihot esculenta Cranz. phosphorus fertilization phosphate mycorrhizal symbiosis |
author_facet |
Ricardo Alexander Peña Venegas Soon-Jae Lee Moses Thuita Deusdedit Peter Mlay Cargele Masso Bernard Vanlauwe Alia Rodriguez Ian R. Sanders |
author_sort |
Ricardo Alexander Peña Venegas |
title |
The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply |
title_short |
The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply |
title_full |
The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply |
title_fullStr |
The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Phosphate Inhibition Paradigm: Host and Fungal Genotypes Determine Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization and Responsiveness to Inoculation in Cassava With Increasing Phosphorus Supply |
title_sort |
phosphate inhibition paradigm: host and fungal genotypes determine arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization and responsiveness to inoculation in cassava with increasing phosphorus supply |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
A vast majority of terrestrial plants are dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) for their nutrient acquisition. AMF act as an extension of the root system helping phosphate uptake. In agriculture, harnessing the symbiosis can potentially increase plant growth. Application of the AMF Rhizophagus irregularis has been demonstrated to increase the yields of various crops. However, there is a paradigm that AMF colonization of roots, as well as the plant benefits afforded by inoculation with AMF, decreases with increasing phosphorus (P) supply in the soil. The paradigm suggests that when fertilized with sufficient P, inoculation of crops would not be beneficial. However, the majority of experiments demonstrating the paradigm were conducted in sterile conditions without a background AMF or soil microbial community. Interestingly, intraspecific variation in R. irregularis can greatly alter the yield of cassava even at a full application of the recommended P dose. Cassava is a globally important crop, feeding 800 million people worldwide, and a crop that is highly dependent on AMF for P uptake. In this study, field trials were conducted at three locations in Kenya and Tanzania using different AMF and cassava varieties under different P fertilization levels to test if the paradigm occurs in tropical field conditions. We found that AMF colonization and inoculation responsiveness of cassava does not always decrease with an increased P supply as expected by the paradigm. The obtained results demonstrate that maximizing the inoculation responsiveness of cassava is not necessarily only in conditions of low P availability, but that this is dependent on cassava and fungal genotypes. Thus, the modeling of plant symbiosis with AMF under different P levels in nature should be considered with caution. |
topic |
Rhizophagus irregularis intraspecific variation Manihot esculenta Cranz. phosphorus fertilization phosphate mycorrhizal symbiosis |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.693037/full |
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