Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i>
Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifoli...
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doaj-594bc45a3a2c40958cf6f6d5defc12b52021-02-06T00:01:58ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-02-011017517510.3390/pathogens10020175Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i>Ahmed M. Zheoat0Samya Alenezi1Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy2Marzuq A. Ungogo3Ali H. Alghamdi4David G. Watson5John O. Igoli6Alexander I. Gray7Harry P. de Koning8Valerie A. Ferro9Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UKInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UKInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UKStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKInstitute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UKStrathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UKTrypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i>, which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones, 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone and 2′,5′-dimethoxy-4′,6′-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC<sub>50</sub> values for 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone against <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i> (0.5 μg/mL), <i>T. congolense</i> (2.5 μg/mL), and <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> (5.2 μg/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds. None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 µg/mL, or cross-resistance with first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines and melaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>P. salicifolium</i> against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/175<i>Polygonum salicifolium</i>chalconeflavanone<i>Leishmania mexicana</i><i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i><i>Trypanosoma congolense</i> |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ahmed M. Zheoat Samya Alenezi Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Marzuq A. Ungogo Ali H. Alghamdi David G. Watson John O. Igoli Alexander I. Gray Harry P. de Koning Valerie A. Ferro |
spellingShingle |
Ahmed M. Zheoat Samya Alenezi Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Marzuq A. Ungogo Ali H. Alghamdi David G. Watson John O. Igoli Alexander I. Gray Harry P. de Koning Valerie A. Ferro Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> Pathogens <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> chalcone flavanone <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i> <i>Trypanosoma congolense</i> |
author_facet |
Ahmed M. Zheoat Samya Alenezi Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy Marzuq A. Ungogo Ali H. Alghamdi David G. Watson John O. Igoli Alexander I. Gray Harry P. de Koning Valerie A. Ferro |
author_sort |
Ahmed M. Zheoat |
title |
Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> |
title_short |
Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> |
title_full |
Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> |
title_fullStr |
Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antitrypanosomal and Antileishmanial Activity of Chalcones and Flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> |
title_sort |
antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>polygonum salicifolium</i> |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis are a group of neglected parasitic diseases caused by several species of parasites belonging to the family Trypansomatida. The present study investigated the antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>Polygonum salicifolium</i>, which grows in the wetlands of Iraq. The phytochemical evaluation of the plant yielded two chalcones, 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone and 2′,5′-dimethoxy-4′,6′-dihydroxychalcone, and two flavanones, 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone and 5,8-dimethoxy-7-hydroxyflavanone. The chalcones showed a good antitrypanosomal and antileishmanial activity while the flavanones were inactive. The EC<sub>50</sub> values for 2′,4′-dimethoxy-6′-hydroxychalcone against <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i> (0.5 μg/mL), <i>T. congolense</i> (2.5 μg/mL), and <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> (5.2 μg/mL) indicated it was the most active of the compounds. None of the compounds displayed any toxicity against a human cell line, even at 100 µg/mL, or cross-resistance with first line clinical trypanocides, such as diamidines and melaminophenyl arsenicals. Taken together, our study provides significant data in relation to the activity of chalcones and flavanones from <i>P. salicifolium</i> against both parasites in vitro. Further future research is suggested in order to investigate the mode of action of the extracted chalcones against the parasites. |
topic |
<i>Polygonum salicifolium</i> chalcone flavanone <i>Leishmania mexicana</i> <i>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</i> <i>Trypanosoma congolense</i> |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/2/175 |
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