Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles
X-ray free-electron lasers promise diffractive imaging of single molecules and nanoparticles with atomic spatial resolution. This relies on the averaging of millions of diffraction patterns of identical particles, which should ideally be isolated in the gas phase and preserved in their native struct...
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2020-03-01
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Series: | Structural Dynamics |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000004 |
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doaj-594c2b38a78a4d58a64e4c32a4fd3f282020-11-25T02:37:49ZengAIP Publishing LLC and ACAStructural Dynamics2329-77782020-03-0172024304024304-810.1063/4.0000004Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticlesAmit K. Samanta0Muhamed Amin1Armando D. Estillore2Nils Roth3Lena Worbs4Daniel A. Horke5Jochen Küpper6 Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, GermanyX-ray free-electron lasers promise diffractive imaging of single molecules and nanoparticles with atomic spatial resolution. This relies on the averaging of millions of diffraction patterns of identical particles, which should ideally be isolated in the gas phase and preserved in their native structure. Here, we demonstrated that polystyrene nanospheres and Cydia pomonella granulovirus can be transferred into the gas phase, isolated, and very quickly shock-frozen, i.e., cooled to 4 K within microseconds in a helium-buffer-gas cell, much faster than state-of-the-art approaches. Nanoparticle beams emerging from the cell were characterized using particle-localization microscopy with light-sheet illumination, which allowed for the full reconstruction of the particle beams, focused to < 100 μ m, as well as for the determination of particle flux and number density. The experimental results were quantitatively reproduced and rationalized through particle-trajectory simulations. We propose an optimized setup with cooling rates for particles of few-nanometers on nanosecond timescales. The produced beams of shock-frozen isolated nanoparticles provide a breakthrough in sample delivery, e.g., for diffractive imaging and microscopy or low-temperature nanoscience.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000004 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Amit K. Samanta Muhamed Amin Armando D. Estillore Nils Roth Lena Worbs Daniel A. Horke Jochen Küpper |
spellingShingle |
Amit K. Samanta Muhamed Amin Armando D. Estillore Nils Roth Lena Worbs Daniel A. Horke Jochen Küpper Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles Structural Dynamics |
author_facet |
Amit K. Samanta Muhamed Amin Armando D. Estillore Nils Roth Lena Worbs Daniel A. Horke Jochen Küpper |
author_sort |
Amit K. Samanta |
title |
Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
title_short |
Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
title_full |
Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
title_fullStr |
Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
title_sort |
controlled beams of shock-frozen, isolated, biological and artificial nanoparticles |
publisher |
AIP Publishing LLC and ACA |
series |
Structural Dynamics |
issn |
2329-7778 |
publishDate |
2020-03-01 |
description |
X-ray free-electron lasers promise diffractive imaging of single molecules and nanoparticles with atomic spatial resolution. This relies on the averaging of millions of diffraction patterns of identical particles, which should ideally be isolated in the gas phase and preserved in their native structure. Here, we demonstrated that polystyrene nanospheres and Cydia pomonella granulovirus can be transferred into the gas phase, isolated, and very quickly shock-frozen, i.e., cooled to 4 K within microseconds in a helium-buffer-gas cell, much faster than state-of-the-art approaches. Nanoparticle beams emerging from the cell were characterized using particle-localization microscopy with light-sheet illumination, which allowed for the full reconstruction of the particle beams, focused to
<
100
μ
m, as well as for the determination of particle flux and number density. The experimental results were quantitatively reproduced and rationalized through particle-trajectory simulations. We propose an optimized setup with cooling rates for particles of few-nanometers on nanosecond timescales. The produced beams of shock-frozen isolated nanoparticles provide a breakthrough in sample delivery, e.g., for diffractive imaging and microscopy or low-temperature nanoscience. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/4.0000004 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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