The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays
Background: <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA) is a multifunctional biochemical found in some ferns, <i>Pteris semipinnata</i>, and its congeneric species. Although a number of therapeutic applications of 11αOH-KA have b...
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doaj-597a24fcdb9a4319a301244042f364c52020-11-25T01:27:50ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582020-01-01917310.3390/foods9010073foods9010073The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo AssaysAkie Hamamoto0Ryosuke Isogai1Miwa Maeda2Masumi Hayazaki3Eito Horiyama4Shigeo Takashima5Mamoru Koketsu6Hiroshi Takemori7Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanDepartment of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, JapanBackground: <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA) is a multifunctional biochemical found in some ferns, <i>Pteris semipinnata</i>, and its congeneric species. Although a number of therapeutic applications of 11αOH-KA have been proposed (e.g., anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and skin whitening), the content of 11αOH-KA in these ferns is not high. <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze, an Asteraceae, has also been reported to contain 11αOH-KA. The decoction (hot water extract) of whole plants of <i>A. lavenia</i> is used as a folk remedy for inflammatory disorders, such as hepatitis and pneumonia, suggesting that 11αOH-KA may be the ingredient responsible for the medicinal properties of this plant. Methods: The anti-melanogenic activities of the water extracts of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaves and <i>Pteris dispar</i> Kunze (a cognate of <i>P. semipinnata</i>) leaves were compared in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. The amount of 11αOH-KA was measured by using liquid chromatography spectrometry. C57BL/6J mice were treated with the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf, and the blood concentration of 11αOH-KA was measured. The in vivo efficacy of the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf was evaluated according to tis anti-melanogenic activity by monitoring hair color. Results: Although both the extracts (<i>A. lavenia</i> and <i>P. dispar</i> Kunze) showed high anti-melanogenic activities, only <i>A. lavenia</i> contained a high amount of 11αOH-KA, approximately 2.5% of the dry leaf weight. 11αOH-KA can be purified from <i>A. lavenia</i> leaves in two steps: water extraction followed by chloroform distribution. The treatment of mice with the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf suppresses pigmentation in their hairs. Conclusions: Despite the small number of mice examined, the present preliminary result of the suppressed hair pigmentation suggests that the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf and the ingredient that is possibly responsible for this—11αOH-KA—are new materials for oral cosmetics. The results may also be helpful in the future development of functional foods and methods to treat patients suffering from hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/1/7311α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acidanti-melanogenesisskin whiteningfunctional foodmedical plant<i>adenostemma lavenia</i><i>pteris dispar</i> kunzetyrosinaseb16f10 melanoma |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Akie Hamamoto Ryosuke Isogai Miwa Maeda Masumi Hayazaki Eito Horiyama Shigeo Takashima Mamoru Koketsu Hiroshi Takemori |
spellingShingle |
Akie Hamamoto Ryosuke Isogai Miwa Maeda Masumi Hayazaki Eito Horiyama Shigeo Takashima Mamoru Koketsu Hiroshi Takemori The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays Foods 11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid anti-melanogenesis skin whitening functional food medical plant <i>adenostemma lavenia</i> <i>pteris dispar</i> kunze tyrosinase b16f10 melanoma |
author_facet |
Akie Hamamoto Ryosuke Isogai Miwa Maeda Masumi Hayazaki Eito Horiyama Shigeo Takashima Mamoru Koketsu Hiroshi Takemori |
author_sort |
Akie Hamamoto |
title |
The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays |
title_short |
The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays |
title_full |
The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays |
title_fullStr |
The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays |
title_full_unstemmed |
The High Content of <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic Acid in <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze Leaf Extract: With Preliminary in Vivo Assays |
title_sort |
high content of <i>ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur- 16-en-19-oic acid in <i>adenostemma lavenia</i> (l.) o. kuntze leaf extract: with preliminary in vivo assays |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Foods |
issn |
2304-8158 |
publishDate |
2020-01-01 |
description |
Background: <i>Ent-</i>11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA) is a multifunctional biochemical found in some ferns, <i>Pteris semipinnata</i>, and its congeneric species. Although a number of therapeutic applications of 11αOH-KA have been proposed (e.g., anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and skin whitening), the content of 11αOH-KA in these ferns is not high. <i>Adenostemma lavenia</i> (L.) O. Kuntze, an Asteraceae, has also been reported to contain 11αOH-KA. The decoction (hot water extract) of whole plants of <i>A. lavenia</i> is used as a folk remedy for inflammatory disorders, such as hepatitis and pneumonia, suggesting that 11αOH-KA may be the ingredient responsible for the medicinal properties of this plant. Methods: The anti-melanogenic activities of the water extracts of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaves and <i>Pteris dispar</i> Kunze (a cognate of <i>P. semipinnata</i>) leaves were compared in mouse B16F10 melanoma cells. The amount of 11αOH-KA was measured by using liquid chromatography spectrometry. C57BL/6J mice were treated with the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf, and the blood concentration of 11αOH-KA was measured. The in vivo efficacy of the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf was evaluated according to tis anti-melanogenic activity by monitoring hair color. Results: Although both the extracts (<i>A. lavenia</i> and <i>P. dispar</i> Kunze) showed high anti-melanogenic activities, only <i>A. lavenia</i> contained a high amount of 11αOH-KA, approximately 2.5% of the dry leaf weight. 11αOH-KA can be purified from <i>A. lavenia</i> leaves in two steps: water extraction followed by chloroform distribution. The treatment of mice with the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf suppresses pigmentation in their hairs. Conclusions: Despite the small number of mice examined, the present preliminary result of the suppressed hair pigmentation suggests that the water extract of <i>A. lavenia</i> leaf and the ingredient that is possibly responsible for this—11αOH-KA—are new materials for oral cosmetics. The results may also be helpful in the future development of functional foods and methods to treat patients suffering from hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma. |
topic |
11α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid anti-melanogenesis skin whitening functional food medical plant <i>adenostemma lavenia</i> <i>pteris dispar</i> kunze tyrosinase b16f10 melanoma |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/1/73 |
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