Comparison of Analgesic and Adverse Effects of Oxycodone- and Fentanyl-Based Patient-Controlled Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Gastrectomy Using a 55:1 Potency Ratio of Oxycodone to Fentanyl: A Retrospective Study

• Main Authors: Koh JC, Kong HJ, Kim MH, Hong JH, Seong H, Kim NY, Bai SJ
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dove Medical Press 2020-09-01
• Series: Journal of Pain Research
• Subjects: oxycodone; fentanyl; 55:1 potency ratio; intravenous patient-controlled analgesia; robot assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy
• Online Access: https://www.dovepress.com/comparison-of-analgesic-and-adverse-effects-of-oxycodone--and-fentanyl-peer-reviewed-article-JPR

Jae Chul Koh,1,* Hee Jung Kong,2,* Myoung Hwa Kim,3 Jung Hwa Hong,4 Hyunyoung Seong,1 Na Young Kim,2 Sun Joon Bai2 1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Policy Research Affairs, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Na Young Kim; Sun Joon BaiDepartment of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaTel [phone]; [phone]Email [e-mail]; [e-mail]: Oxycodone has affinities for both kappa- and mu-opioid receptors. Therefore, it has been used for postoperative analgesia of surgeries in which visceral pain is expected to be the main cause of pain. However, there are few studies of the 55:1 potency ratio of oxycodone to fentanyl when using it as intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA). Thus, we compared the analgesic and adverse effects of IV-PCA using the 55:1 potency ratio of oxycodone to fentanyl in patients who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy.Patients and Methods: This retrospective study included 100 patients using an automatic PCA pump with oxycodone or fentanyl who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy between January and November 2017. All patients were provided with an IV-PCA consisting of 20 μg/kg of fentanyl or 1.1 mg/kg of oxycodone mixed with 0.9% normal saline solution to a total volume of 250 mL, which was infused basally at a rate of 0.1 mL/h with a bolus dose of 1 mL and lockout time of 6 min. The primary and secondary endpoints were to evaluate the efficacies of IV-PCA using the 55:1 potency ratio of oxycodone to fentanyl on analgesic and adverse effects.Results: Pain intensity on arrival at the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU; 3.6± 1.4 vs 4.4± 2.0, P=0.031) and additional analgesic requirement within an hour after surgery (including the PACU period) (12% vs 37%; P=0.005) were significantly lower in the oxycodone group (n=49) than in the fentanyl group (n=51). Regarding adverse effects, the rate of postoperative nausea within 1 h after surgery (2% vs 16%; P=0.031) was also significantly lower in the oxycodone group than that in the fentanyl group.Conclusion: Oxycodone-based IV-PCA by dose calculations with a 55:1 potency ratio may achieve better analgesia without any significant adverse effects, when using IV-PCA in patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy.Keywords: oxycodone, fentanyl, 55:1 potency ratio, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, robot-assisted laparoscopic gastrectomy