On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California
<p>Magmatic sill intrusions into organic-rich sediments cause the release of thermogenic CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>. Pore fluids from the Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California), a sedimentary basin with recent magmatic activity, were investigated to constrain the...
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doaj-5a23248be221470d9ff79209dc71004f2020-11-25T00:32:42ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892018-09-01155715573110.5194/bg-15-5715-2018On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of CaliforniaS. Geilert0C. Hensen1M. Schmidt2V. Liebetrau3F. Scholz4M. Doll5L. Deng6A. Fiskal7M. A. Lever8C.-C. Su9S. Schloemer10S. Sarkar11V. Thiel12C. Berndt13GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, GermanyFaculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Klagenfurter-Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, GermanyDepartment of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, TaiwanFederal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, GermanyDepartment of Earth and Climate Science, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Maharashtra-411008, IndiaGeobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Goldschmidtstr. 3, 37077 Göttingen, GermanyGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstraße 1–3, 24148 Kiel, Germany<p>Magmatic sill intrusions into organic-rich sediments cause the release of thermogenic CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>. Pore fluids from the Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California), a sedimentary basin with recent magmatic activity, were investigated to constrain the link between sill intrusions and fluid seepage as well as the timing of sill-induced hydrothermal activity. Sampling sites were close to a hydrothermal vent field at the northern rift axis and at cold seeps located up to 30 km away from the rift. Pore fluids close to the active hydrothermal vent field showed a slight imprint by hydrothermal fluids and indicated a shallow circulation system transporting seawater to the hydrothermal catchment area. Geochemical data of pore fluids at cold seeps showed a mainly ambient diagenetic fluid composition without any imprint related to high temperature processes at greater depth. Seep communities at the seafloor were mainly sustained by microbial methane, which rose along pathways formed earlier by hydrothermal activity, driving the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) and the formation of authigenic carbonates.</p><p>Overall, our data from the cold seep sites suggest that at present, sill-induced hydrothermalism is not active away from the ridge axis, and the vigorous venting of hydrothermal fluids is restricted to the ridge axis. Using the sediment thickness above extinct conduits and carbonate dating, we calculated that deep fluid and thermogenic gas flow ceased 28 to 7 kyr ago. These findings imply a short lifetime of hydrothermal systems, limiting the time of unhindered carbon release as suggested in previous modeling studies. Consequently, activation and deactivation mechanisms of these systems need to be better constrained for the use in climate modeling approaches.</p>https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/5715/2018/bg-15-5715-2018.pdf |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
S. Geilert C. Hensen M. Schmidt V. Liebetrau F. Scholz M. Doll L. Deng A. Fiskal M. A. Lever C.-C. Su S. Schloemer S. Sarkar V. Thiel C. Berndt |
spellingShingle |
S. Geilert C. Hensen M. Schmidt V. Liebetrau F. Scholz M. Doll L. Deng A. Fiskal M. A. Lever C.-C. Su S. Schloemer S. Sarkar V. Thiel C. Berndt On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California Biogeosciences |
author_facet |
S. Geilert C. Hensen M. Schmidt V. Liebetrau F. Scholz M. Doll L. Deng A. Fiskal M. A. Lever C.-C. Su S. Schloemer S. Sarkar V. Thiel C. Berndt |
author_sort |
S. Geilert |
title |
On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California |
title_short |
On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California |
title_full |
On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California |
title_fullStr |
On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California |
title_full_unstemmed |
On the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California |
title_sort |
on the formation of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in the guaymas basin, gulf of california |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Biogeosciences |
issn |
1726-4170 1726-4189 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
<p>Magmatic sill intrusions into organic-rich sediments cause the release of
thermogenic CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub>. Pore fluids from the Guaymas Basin (Gulf
of California), a sedimentary basin with recent magmatic activity, were
investigated to constrain the link between sill intrusions and fluid seepage
as well as the timing of sill-induced hydrothermal activity. Sampling sites
were close to a hydrothermal vent field at the northern rift axis and at cold
seeps located up to 30 km away from the rift. Pore fluids close to the active
hydrothermal vent field showed a slight imprint by hydrothermal fluids and
indicated a shallow circulation system transporting seawater to the
hydrothermal catchment area. Geochemical data of pore fluids at cold seeps
showed a mainly ambient diagenetic fluid composition without any imprint
related to high temperature processes at greater depth. Seep communities at
the seafloor were mainly sustained by microbial methane, which rose along
pathways formed earlier by hydrothermal activity, driving the anaerobic oxidation
of methane (AOM) and the formation of authigenic carbonates.</p><p>Overall, our data from the cold seep sites suggest that at present, sill-induced hydrothermalism is not active away from the ridge axis, and the vigorous venting
of hydrothermal fluids is restricted to the ridge axis.
Using the sediment thickness above extinct conduits and carbonate dating, we
calculated that deep fluid and thermogenic gas flow ceased 28 to 7 kyr ago.
These findings imply a short lifetime of hydrothermal systems, limiting the
time of unhindered carbon release as suggested in previous modeling studies.
Consequently, activation and deactivation mechanisms of these systems need to
be better constrained for the use in climate modeling approaches.</p> |
url |
https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/5715/2018/bg-15-5715-2018.pdf |
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