Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study
Usha R Kalava1, Stephen S Cha2, Paul Y Takahashi1,31Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, 2Department of Biostatistics, 3Kogod Center of Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: Pressure ulcers are common among older adults, but knowledge about nutriti...
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doaj-5a49457cd56f4132a4f36dd8167383a32020-11-24T21:07:09ZengDove Medical PressClinical Interventions in Aging1178-19982011-08-01Volume 62132198008Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control studyKalava URCha SSTakahashi PYUsha R Kalava1, Stephen S Cha2, Paul Y Takahashi1,31Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, 2Department of Biostatistics, 3Kogod Center of Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: Pressure ulcers are common among older adults, but knowledge about nutritional risk factors is still developing. Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly population and is required for normal skin proliferation. The role of vitamin D in pressure ulceration and wound healing is not known. The purpose of this case–control study was to determine the association between vitamin D levels and pressure ulceration in an older community-dwelling cohort.Methods: All cases and controls were community-dwelling elderly older than 60 years in a primary care panel in Olmsted County, MN. Pressure ulcer cases were defined clinically. The controls were age-matched and gender-matched to controls without pressure ulceration. The main exposure variable was 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in both groups. The other exposure variable was the Charlson Comorbidity Index used to measure medical comorbidity. The analysis included univariate and conditional logistic regression for 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.Results: The average (standard deviation) age of the study participants with a pressure ulcer was 80.46 years (±8.67), and the average vitamin D level was 30.92 ng/mL (±12.46). In univariate analysis, Vitamin D deficiency (levels < 25 ng/mL) was associated with pressure ulcers (odds ratio: 1.871, P = 0.0154). Comorbidities of the subjects calculated using the Charlson Comorbidity Index were also associated with pressure ulcers (odds ratio: 1.136, P < 0.001). In the final conditional logistical regression model, the association of Vitamin D and pressure ulcers became nonsignificant after adjustment for comorbid illness.Conclusion: Medical comorbidities increased the risk of pressure ulceration. Vitamin D deficiency was not an independent risk factor for pressure ulceration, and may be a marker of comorbid illness.Keywords: pressure ulcer, vitamin D, case–control study, aging, geriatricshttps://www.dovepress.com/association-between-vitamin-d-and-pressure-ulcers-in-older-ambulatory--peer-reviewed-article-CIAPressure ulcerVitamin DCase control studyaginggeriatrics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kalava UR Cha SS Takahashi PY |
spellingShingle |
Kalava UR Cha SS Takahashi PY Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study Clinical Interventions in Aging Pressure ulcer Vitamin D Case control study aging geriatrics |
author_facet |
Kalava UR Cha SS Takahashi PY |
author_sort |
Kalava UR |
title |
Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
title_short |
Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
title_full |
Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
title_fullStr |
Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association between vitamin D and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
title_sort |
association between vitamin d and pressure ulcers in older ambulatory adults: results of a matched case–control study |
publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
series |
Clinical Interventions in Aging |
issn |
1178-1998 |
publishDate |
2011-08-01 |
description |
Usha R Kalava1, Stephen S Cha2, Paul Y Takahashi1,31Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Primary Care Internal Medicine, 2Department of Biostatistics, 3Kogod Center of Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: Pressure ulcers are common among older adults, but knowledge about nutritional risk factors is still developing. Vitamin D deficiency is common in the elderly population and is required for normal skin proliferation. The role of vitamin D in pressure ulceration and wound healing is not known. The purpose of this case–control study was to determine the association between vitamin D levels and pressure ulceration in an older community-dwelling cohort.Methods: All cases and controls were community-dwelling elderly older than 60 years in a primary care panel in Olmsted County, MN. Pressure ulcer cases were defined clinically. The controls were age-matched and gender-matched to controls without pressure ulceration. The main exposure variable was 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in both groups. The other exposure variable was the Charlson Comorbidity Index used to measure medical comorbidity. The analysis included univariate and conditional logistic regression for 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.Results: The average (standard deviation) age of the study participants with a pressure ulcer was 80.46 years (±8.67), and the average vitamin D level was 30.92 ng/mL (±12.46). In univariate analysis, Vitamin D deficiency (levels < 25 ng/mL) was associated with pressure ulcers (odds ratio: 1.871, P = 0.0154). Comorbidities of the subjects calculated using the Charlson Comorbidity Index were also associated with pressure ulcers (odds ratio: 1.136, P < 0.001). In the final conditional logistical regression model, the association of Vitamin D and pressure ulcers became nonsignificant after adjustment for comorbid illness.Conclusion: Medical comorbidities increased the risk of pressure ulceration. Vitamin D deficiency was not an independent risk factor for pressure ulceration, and may be a marker of comorbid illness.Keywords: pressure ulcer, vitamin D, case–control study, aging, geriatrics |
topic |
Pressure ulcer Vitamin D Case control study aging geriatrics |
url |
https://www.dovepress.com/association-between-vitamin-d-and-pressure-ulcers-in-older-ambulatory--peer-reviewed-article-CIA |
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