H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i>
<i>Oryza meyeriana</i> is a wild species of rice with high resistance to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> (<i>Xoo</i>), but the detailed resistance mechanism is unclear. Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase (RC...
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doaj-5a5146d5a95145c695119bdd800079a22020-11-24T20:53:05ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472019-09-018935110.3390/plants8090351plants8090351H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i>Qiong Mei0Yong Yang1Shenhai Ye2Weifang Liang3Xuming Wang4Jie Zhou5Chulang Yu6Chengqi Yan7Jianping Chen8College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 210095, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaInstitute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou 310021, ChinaCollege of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 210095, China<i>Oryza meyeriana</i> is a wild species of rice with high resistance to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> (<i>Xoo</i>), but the detailed resistance mechanism is unclear. Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase (RCA) is an important enzyme that regulates photosynthesis by activating Rubisco. We have previously reported that <i>Xoo</i> infection induced the relocation of RCA from the chloroplast stroma to the thylakoid membrane in <i>O. meyeriana</i>, but the underlying regulating mechanism and physiological significance of this association remains unknown. In this study, “H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> burst” with rapid and large increase in the amount of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was found to be induced by <i>Xoo</i> invasion in the leaves of <i>O.</i> <i>meyeriana</i>. 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and oxidative 2, 7-Dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate (H<sub>2</sub>DCFDA) staining experiments both showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was generated in the chloroplast of <i>O.</i> <i>meyeriana</i>, and that this H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation as well as <i>Xoo</i> resistance of the wild rice were dramatically dependent on light. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, methyl viologen with light, and the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system all induced RCA to associate with the thylakoid membrane in vitro, which showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> could induce the relocation of RCA. In vitro experiments also showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> induced changes in both the RCA and thylakoid membrane that were required for them to associate and that this association only occurred in <i>O. meyeriana</i> and not in the susceptible cultivated rice. These results suggest that the association of RCA with the thylakoid membrane helps to protect the thylakoid membrane against oxidative damage from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Therefore, in addition to its universal function of activating Rubisco, RCA appears to play a novel role in the resistance of <i>O. meyeriana</i> to <i>Xoo</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/9/351H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>Rubisco activasethylakoid membranechloroplast stoma<i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i><i>Oryza meyeriana</i> |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Qiong Mei Yong Yang Shenhai Ye Weifang Liang Xuming Wang Jie Zhou Chulang Yu Chengqi Yan Jianping Chen |
spellingShingle |
Qiong Mei Yong Yang Shenhai Ye Weifang Liang Xuming Wang Jie Zhou Chulang Yu Chengqi Yan Jianping Chen H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> Plants H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Rubisco activase thylakoid membrane chloroplast stoma <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> |
author_facet |
Qiong Mei Yong Yang Shenhai Ye Weifang Liang Xuming Wang Jie Zhou Chulang Yu Chengqi Yan Jianping Chen |
author_sort |
Qiong Mei |
title |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
title_short |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
title_full |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
title_fullStr |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Induces Association of RCA with the Thylakoid Membrane to Enhance Resistance of <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
title_sort |
h<sub>2</sub>o<sub>2</sub> induces association of rca with the thylakoid membrane to enhance resistance of <i>oryza meyeriana</i> to <i>xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Plants |
issn |
2223-7747 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
<i>Oryza meyeriana</i> is a wild species of rice with high resistance to <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> (<i>Xoo</i>), but the detailed resistance mechanism is unclear. Ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activase (RCA) is an important enzyme that regulates photosynthesis by activating Rubisco. We have previously reported that <i>Xoo</i> infection induced the relocation of RCA from the chloroplast stroma to the thylakoid membrane in <i>O. meyeriana</i>, but the underlying regulating mechanism and physiological significance of this association remains unknown. In this study, “H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> burst” with rapid and large increase in the amount of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was found to be induced by <i>Xoo</i> invasion in the leaves of <i>O.</i> <i>meyeriana</i>. 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) and oxidative 2, 7-Dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate (H<sub>2</sub>DCFDA) staining experiments both showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was generated in the chloroplast of <i>O.</i> <i>meyeriana</i>, and that this H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> generation as well as <i>Xoo</i> resistance of the wild rice were dramatically dependent on light. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, methyl viologen with light, and the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system all induced RCA to associate with the thylakoid membrane in vitro, which showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> could induce the relocation of RCA. In vitro experiments also showed that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> induced changes in both the RCA and thylakoid membrane that were required for them to associate and that this association only occurred in <i>O. meyeriana</i> and not in the susceptible cultivated rice. These results suggest that the association of RCA with the thylakoid membrane helps to protect the thylakoid membrane against oxidative damage from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Therefore, in addition to its universal function of activating Rubisco, RCA appears to play a novel role in the resistance of <i>O. meyeriana</i> to <i>Xoo</i>. |
topic |
H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Rubisco activase thylakoid membrane chloroplast stoma <i>Xanthomonas oryzae</i> pv. <i>oryzae</i> <i>Oryza meyeriana</i> |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/8/9/351 |
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