Immune Privilege of Heart Valves
Immune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were foun...
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doaj-5a89c5fe984142cbbd95be82acc4cce32021-08-10T06:21:43ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-08-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.731361731361Immune Privilege of Heart ValvesMorgan Ashley Hill0Jennie H. Kwon1Brielle Gerry2William A. Hardy3Olivia Agata Walkowiak4Minoo N. Kavarana5Satish N. Nadig6T. Konrad Rajab7College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesCollege of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesCollege of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDivision of Transplant Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United StatesImmune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were found to have similar immune privilege. What all of these tissues have in common is their vital function for evolutionary fitness and a limited regenerative capacity. Immune privilege is clinically relevant, because corneal transplantation and meniscal transplantation do not require immunosuppression. The heart valves also serve a vital function and have limited regenerative capacity after damage. Moreover, experimental and clinical evidence from heart valve transplantation suggests that the heart valves are spared from alloimmune injury. Here we review this evidence and propose the concept of heart valves as immune privileged sites. This concept has important clinical implications for heart valve transplantation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.731361/fullimmune privilegeheart valveheart valve allografttransplantationtransplantation (heart) |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Morgan Ashley Hill Jennie H. Kwon Brielle Gerry William A. Hardy Olivia Agata Walkowiak Minoo N. Kavarana Satish N. Nadig T. Konrad Rajab |
spellingShingle |
Morgan Ashley Hill Jennie H. Kwon Brielle Gerry William A. Hardy Olivia Agata Walkowiak Minoo N. Kavarana Satish N. Nadig T. Konrad Rajab Immune Privilege of Heart Valves Frontiers in Immunology immune privilege heart valve heart valve allograft transplantation transplantation (heart) |
author_facet |
Morgan Ashley Hill Jennie H. Kwon Brielle Gerry William A. Hardy Olivia Agata Walkowiak Minoo N. Kavarana Satish N. Nadig T. Konrad Rajab |
author_sort |
Morgan Ashley Hill |
title |
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_short |
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_full |
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_fullStr |
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immune Privilege of Heart Valves |
title_sort |
immune privilege of heart valves |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Immunology |
issn |
1664-3224 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Immune privilege is an evolutionary adaptation that protects vital tissues with limited regenerative capacity from collateral damage by the immune response. Classical examples include the anterior chamber of the eye and the brain. More recently, the placenta, testes and articular cartilage were found to have similar immune privilege. What all of these tissues have in common is their vital function for evolutionary fitness and a limited regenerative capacity. Immune privilege is clinically relevant, because corneal transplantation and meniscal transplantation do not require immunosuppression. The heart valves also serve a vital function and have limited regenerative capacity after damage. Moreover, experimental and clinical evidence from heart valve transplantation suggests that the heart valves are spared from alloimmune injury. Here we review this evidence and propose the concept of heart valves as immune privileged sites. This concept has important clinical implications for heart valve transplantation. |
topic |
immune privilege heart valve heart valve allograft transplantation transplantation (heart) |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.731361/full |
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