| Summary: | Hydro-joining is composed of hydro-piercing, hole flanging and nut-inlaying processes. In this study, a new hydro-flanging process combining hydro-piercing and hydro-flanging is proposed. An internal pressured fluid is used as the supporting medium instead of a rigid die. Three kinds of punch head shapes are designed to explore the thickness distribution of the flanged tube and the fluid leakage effects between the punch head and the flanged tube in the hydro-flanging process. A finite element code DEFORM 3D is used to simulate the tube material deformation behavior and to investigate the formability of the hydro-flanging processes of aluminum alloy tubes. The effects of various forming parameters, such as punch shapes, internal pressure, die hole diameter, etc., on the hydro-flanged tube thickness distributions are discussed. Hydro-flanging experiments are also carried out. The die hole radius is designed to make the maximum internal forming pressure needed smaller than 70 MPa, so that a general hydraulic power unit can be used to implement the proposed hole flanging experiments. The flanged thickness distributions are compared with simulation results to verify the validity of the proposed models and the designed punch head shapes.
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