Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal
The reduction of resinous species in Portuguese forest areas has caused constraints to wood industry supplies. Portugal represents the extreme southwest of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) natural distribution and large gaps exist in the knowledge of its wood-quality characteristics. Understanding the...
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Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF)
2017-08-01
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doaj-5b521a0898a24f22bfa74c7e01c2f15d2020-11-25T00:02:28ZengItalian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF)iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry1971-74581971-74582017-08-0110166967910.3832/ifor2254-0102254Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in PortugalFernandes C0Gaspar MJ1Pires J2Alves A3Simões R4Rodrigues JC5Silva Maria E6Carvalho A7Brito José E8Lousada José L9BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisboa, C8 BDG Campo Grande (Portugal)BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisboa, C8 BDG Campo Grande (Portugal)Department of Genetics and Biotechnology (DGB), University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real (Portugal)Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa (Portugal)Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa (Portugal)Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa (Portugal)Department of Forestry Sciences and Landscape (CIFAP), University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real (Portugal)BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisboa, C8 BDG Campo Grande (Portugal)BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences University of Lisboa, C8 BDG Campo Grande (Portugal)Department of Forestry Sciences and Landscape (CIFAP), University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real (Portugal)The reduction of resinous species in Portuguese forest areas has caused constraints to wood industry supplies. Portugal represents the extreme southwest of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) natural distribution and large gaps exist in the knowledge of its wood-quality characteristics. Understanding the relationship between these traits is important for recognizing which combination of wood properties is the most suitable for specific uses. To address these questions, we assessed wood-quality traits, namely, wood-density components (microdensitometric analysis), chemical composition (NIR spectrometry) and mechanical properties (bending tests) of wood samples collected at five representative forest sites in Portugal. Our results showed that Portuguese Pinus sylvestris has good radial growth and denser wood, higher extractive content and higher stiffness and strength than northern European provenances. The lignin content was within the range attributed to softwoods. Among the Portuguese stands, trees growing at lower-altitude sites exhibited denser wood and higher mechanical properties, while trees from high-elevations showed higher amounts of lignin. Ring density was more strongly correlated with earlywood than latewood density. A negative, non-significant correlation was found between ring density and width, supporting the assumption that the higher radial growth (ring width) does not negatively affect wood quality (density). In general, chemical properties had a weak relationship with physical and mechanical properties (MOE and MOR). Both mechanical traits were positively correlated with density and growth components, supporting the assumption that trees with high radial growth do not exhibit poorer mechanical performances.https://iforest.sisef.org/contents/?id=ifor2254-010Bending TestsCorrelationsMechanical TraitsNIR SpectrometryScots PineWood-Density ComponentsWood QualityX-ray Microdensitometry |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fernandes C Gaspar MJ Pires J Alves A Simões R Rodrigues JC Silva Maria E Carvalho A Brito José E Lousada José L |
spellingShingle |
Fernandes C Gaspar MJ Pires J Alves A Simões R Rodrigues JC Silva Maria E Carvalho A Brito José E Lousada José L Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry Bending Tests Correlations Mechanical Traits NIR Spectrometry Scots Pine Wood-Density Components Wood Quality X-ray Microdensitometry |
author_facet |
Fernandes C Gaspar MJ Pires J Alves A Simões R Rodrigues JC Silva Maria E Carvalho A Brito José E Lousada José L |
author_sort |
Fernandes C |
title |
Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal |
title_short |
Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal |
title_full |
Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal |
title_fullStr |
Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal |
title_full_unstemmed |
Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of Pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in Portugal |
title_sort |
physical, chemical and mechanical properties of pinus sylvestris wood at five sites in portugal |
publisher |
Italian Society of Silviculture and Forest Ecology (SISEF) |
series |
iForest - Biogeosciences and Forestry |
issn |
1971-7458 1971-7458 |
publishDate |
2017-08-01 |
description |
The reduction of resinous species in Portuguese forest areas has caused constraints to wood industry supplies. Portugal represents the extreme southwest of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) natural distribution and large gaps exist in the knowledge of its wood-quality characteristics. Understanding the relationship between these traits is important for recognizing which combination of wood properties is the most suitable for specific uses. To address these questions, we assessed wood-quality traits, namely, wood-density components (microdensitometric analysis), chemical composition (NIR spectrometry) and mechanical properties (bending tests) of wood samples collected at five representative forest sites in Portugal. Our results showed that Portuguese Pinus sylvestris has good radial growth and denser wood, higher extractive content and higher stiffness and strength than northern European provenances. The lignin content was within the range attributed to softwoods. Among the Portuguese stands, trees growing at lower-altitude sites exhibited denser wood and higher mechanical properties, while trees from high-elevations showed higher amounts of lignin. Ring density was more strongly correlated with earlywood than latewood density. A negative, non-significant correlation was found between ring density and width, supporting the assumption that the higher radial growth (ring width) does not negatively affect wood quality (density). In general, chemical properties had a weak relationship with physical and mechanical properties (MOE and MOR). Both mechanical traits were positively correlated with density and growth components, supporting the assumption that trees with high radial growth do not exhibit poorer mechanical performances. |
topic |
Bending Tests Correlations Mechanical Traits NIR Spectrometry Scots Pine Wood-Density Components Wood Quality X-ray Microdensitometry |
url |
https://iforest.sisef.org/contents/?id=ifor2254-010 |
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