Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits
Xanthine oxidase is a key enzyme which can catalyze hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid causing hyperuricemia in humans. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of 24 organic extracts of four species belonging to Citrus genus of the family Rutaceae were assayed in vitro. Since the ethyl acetate ex...
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doaj-5bbc60524db1422599c28bbee97439fa2020-11-24T22:07:39ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492016-03-0121330210.3390/molecules21030302molecules21030302Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature FruitsKun Liu0Wei Wang1Bing-Hua Guo2Hua Gao3Yang Liu4Xiao-Hong Liu5Hui-Li Yao6Kun Cheng7School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, Shandong, ChinaXanthine oxidase is a key enzyme which can catalyze hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid causing hyperuricemia in humans. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of 24 organic extracts of four species belonging to Citrus genus of the family Rutaceae were assayed in vitro. Since the ethyl acetate extract of C. aurantium dried immature fruits showed the highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, chemical evidence for the potent inhibitory activity was clarified on the basis of structure identification of the active constituents. Five flavanones and two polymethoxyflavones were isolated and evaluated for inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase in vitro. Of the compounds, hesperetin showed more potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 16.48 μM. For the first time, this study provides a rational basis for the use of C. aurantium dried immature fruits against hyperuricemia.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/3/302Citrusxanthine oxidaseaurantii fructus immaturushesperetin |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kun Liu Wei Wang Bing-Hua Guo Hua Gao Yang Liu Xiao-Hong Liu Hui-Li Yao Kun Cheng |
spellingShingle |
Kun Liu Wei Wang Bing-Hua Guo Hua Gao Yang Liu Xiao-Hong Liu Hui-Li Yao Kun Cheng Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits Molecules Citrus xanthine oxidase aurantii fructus immaturus hesperetin |
author_facet |
Kun Liu Wei Wang Bing-Hua Guo Hua Gao Yang Liu Xiao-Hong Liu Hui-Li Yao Kun Cheng |
author_sort |
Kun Liu |
title |
Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits |
title_short |
Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits |
title_full |
Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits |
title_fullStr |
Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits |
title_full_unstemmed |
Chemical Evidence for Potent Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Citrus aurantium L. Dried Immature Fruits |
title_sort |
chemical evidence for potent xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of ethyl acetate extract of citrus aurantium l. dried immature fruits |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2016-03-01 |
description |
Xanthine oxidase is a key enzyme which can catalyze hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid causing hyperuricemia in humans. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of 24 organic extracts of four species belonging to Citrus genus of the family Rutaceae were assayed in vitro. Since the ethyl acetate extract of C. aurantium dried immature fruits showed the highest xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, chemical evidence for the potent inhibitory activity was clarified on the basis of structure identification of the active constituents. Five flavanones and two polymethoxyflavones were isolated and evaluated for inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase in vitro. Of the compounds, hesperetin showed more potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 16.48 μM. For the first time, this study provides a rational basis for the use of C. aurantium dried immature fruits against hyperuricemia. |
topic |
Citrus xanthine oxidase aurantii fructus immaturus hesperetin |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/21/3/302 |
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