Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation
Collagen-based scaffolds hold great potential for tissue engineering, since they closely mimic the extracellular matrix. We investigated tissue integration of an engineered porous collagen-elastin scaffold developed for soft tissue augmentation. After implantation in maxillary submucosal pouches in...
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doaj-5c1ef0204b644819a8959bbf36103cf92020-11-25T02:50:40ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-05-01132420242010.3390/ma13102420Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue AugmentationJordi Caballé-Serrano0Sophia Zhang1Anton Sculean2Alexandra Staehli3Dieter D. Bosshardt4Robert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandRobert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandRobert K. Schenk Laboratory of Oral Histology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, SwitzerlandCollagen-based scaffolds hold great potential for tissue engineering, since they closely mimic the extracellular matrix. We investigated tissue integration of an engineered porous collagen-elastin scaffold developed for soft tissue augmentation. After implantation in maxillary submucosal pouches in 6 canines, cell invasion (vimentin), extracellular matrix deposition (collagen type I) and scaffold degradation (cathepsin k, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), CD86) were (immuno)-histochemically evaluated. Invasion of vimentin<sup>+</sup> cells (scattered and blood vessels) and collagen type I deposition within the pores started at 7 days. At 15 and 30 days, vimentin<sup>+</sup> cells were still numerous and collagen type I increasingly filled the pores. Scaffold degradation was characterized by collagen loss mainly occurring around 15 days, a time point when medium-sized multinucleated cells peaked at the scaffold margin with simultaneous labeling for cathepsin k, TRAP, and CD86. Elastin was more resistant to degradation and persisted up to 90 days in form of packages well-integrated in the newly formed soft connective tissue. In conclusion, this collagen-based scaffold maintained long-enough volume stability to allow an influx of blood vessels and vimentin<sup>+</sup> fibroblasts producing collagen type I, that filled the scaffold pores before major biomaterial degradation and collapse occurred. Cathepsin k, TRAP and CD86 appear to be involved in scaffold degradation.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/10/2420collagenelastinscaffoldbiomaterialtissue engineeringtissue response |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jordi Caballé-Serrano Sophia Zhang Anton Sculean Alexandra Staehli Dieter D. Bosshardt |
spellingShingle |
Jordi Caballé-Serrano Sophia Zhang Anton Sculean Alexandra Staehli Dieter D. Bosshardt Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation Materials collagen elastin scaffold biomaterial tissue engineering tissue response |
author_facet |
Jordi Caballé-Serrano Sophia Zhang Anton Sculean Alexandra Staehli Dieter D. Bosshardt |
author_sort |
Jordi Caballé-Serrano |
title |
Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation |
title_short |
Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation |
title_full |
Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation |
title_fullStr |
Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tissue Integration and Degradation of a Porous Collagen-Based Scaffold Used for Soft Tissue Augmentation |
title_sort |
tissue integration and degradation of a porous collagen-based scaffold used for soft tissue augmentation |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
Collagen-based scaffolds hold great potential for tissue engineering, since they closely mimic the extracellular matrix. We investigated tissue integration of an engineered porous collagen-elastin scaffold developed for soft tissue augmentation. After implantation in maxillary submucosal pouches in 6 canines, cell invasion (vimentin), extracellular matrix deposition (collagen type I) and scaffold degradation (cathepsin k, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), CD86) were (immuno)-histochemically evaluated. Invasion of vimentin<sup>+</sup> cells (scattered and blood vessels) and collagen type I deposition within the pores started at 7 days. At 15 and 30 days, vimentin<sup>+</sup> cells were still numerous and collagen type I increasingly filled the pores. Scaffold degradation was characterized by collagen loss mainly occurring around 15 days, a time point when medium-sized multinucleated cells peaked at the scaffold margin with simultaneous labeling for cathepsin k, TRAP, and CD86. Elastin was more resistant to degradation and persisted up to 90 days in form of packages well-integrated in the newly formed soft connective tissue. In conclusion, this collagen-based scaffold maintained long-enough volume stability to allow an influx of blood vessels and vimentin<sup>+</sup> fibroblasts producing collagen type I, that filled the scaffold pores before major biomaterial degradation and collapse occurred. Cathepsin k, TRAP and CD86 appear to be involved in scaffold degradation. |
topic |
collagen elastin scaffold biomaterial tissue engineering tissue response |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/10/2420 |
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