ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale.
Dendrobiumofficinale (Orchidaceae) is one of the world's most endangered plants with great medicinal value. In nature, D. officinale seeds must establish symbiotic relationships with fungi to germinate. However, the molecular events involved in the interaction between fungus and plant during th...
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doaj-5c8c54486e63420db25d2b3b8c9f99c22020-11-24T21:55:23ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0188e7270510.1371/journal.pone.0072705ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale.Ming-Ming ZhaoGang ZhangDa-Wei ZhangYu-Yun HsiaoShun-Xing GuoDendrobiumofficinale (Orchidaceae) is one of the world's most endangered plants with great medicinal value. In nature, D. officinale seeds must establish symbiotic relationships with fungi to germinate. However, the molecular events involved in the interaction between fungus and plant during this process are poorly understood. To isolate the genes involved in symbiotic germination, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of symbiotically germinated D. officinale seeds was constructed. From this library, 1437 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were clustered to 1074 Unigenes (including 902 singletons and 172 contigs), which were searched against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein database (E-value cutoff, e(-5)). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, 579 differentially expressed genes in D. officinale were identified and classified into different functional categories by Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The expression levels of 15 selected genes emblematic of symbiotic germination were confirmed via real-time quantitative PCR. These genes were classified into various categories, including defense and stress response, metabolism, transcriptional regulation, transport process and signal transduction pathways. All transcripts were upregulated in the symbiotically germinated seeds (SGS). The functions of these genes in symbiotic germination were predicted. Furthermore, two fungus-induced calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), which were upregulated 6.76- and 26.69-fold in SGS compared with un-germinated seeds (UGS), were cloned from D. officinale and characterized for the first time. This study provides the first global overview of genes putatively involved in D. officinale symbiotic seed germination and provides a foundation for further functional research regarding symbiotic relationships in orchids.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3742586?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ming-Ming Zhao Gang Zhang Da-Wei Zhang Yu-Yun Hsiao Shun-Xing Guo |
spellingShingle |
Ming-Ming Zhao Gang Zhang Da-Wei Zhang Yu-Yun Hsiao Shun-Xing Guo ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Ming-Ming Zhao Gang Zhang Da-Wei Zhang Yu-Yun Hsiao Shun-Xing Guo |
author_sort |
Ming-Ming Zhao |
title |
ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. |
title_short |
ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. |
title_full |
ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. |
title_fullStr |
ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. |
title_full_unstemmed |
ESTs analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in Dendrobium officinale. |
title_sort |
ests analysis reveals putative genes involved in symbiotic seed germination in dendrobium officinale. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
Dendrobiumofficinale (Orchidaceae) is one of the world's most endangered plants with great medicinal value. In nature, D. officinale seeds must establish symbiotic relationships with fungi to germinate. However, the molecular events involved in the interaction between fungus and plant during this process are poorly understood. To isolate the genes involved in symbiotic germination, a suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of symbiotically germinated D. officinale seeds was constructed. From this library, 1437 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were clustered to 1074 Unigenes (including 902 singletons and 172 contigs), which were searched against the NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein database (E-value cutoff, e(-5)). Based on sequence similarity with known proteins, 579 differentially expressed genes in D. officinale were identified and classified into different functional categories by Gene Ontology (GO), Clusters of orthologous Groups of proteins (COGs) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The expression levels of 15 selected genes emblematic of symbiotic germination were confirmed via real-time quantitative PCR. These genes were classified into various categories, including defense and stress response, metabolism, transcriptional regulation, transport process and signal transduction pathways. All transcripts were upregulated in the symbiotically germinated seeds (SGS). The functions of these genes in symbiotic germination were predicted. Furthermore, two fungus-induced calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), which were upregulated 6.76- and 26.69-fold in SGS compared with un-germinated seeds (UGS), were cloned from D. officinale and characterized for the first time. This study provides the first global overview of genes putatively involved in D. officinale symbiotic seed germination and provides a foundation for further functional research regarding symbiotic relationships in orchids. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3742586?pdf=render |
work_keys_str_mv |
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