Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies

Sohini Dey, Dinesh C Pathak, Narayan Ramamurthy, Hemanta Kumar Maity, Madhan Mohan ChellappaRecombinant DNA Lab, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, IndiaAbstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, is a...

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Main Authors: Dey S, Pathak DC, Ramamurthy N, Maity HK, Chellappa MM
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Dove Medical Press 2019-08-01
Series:Veterinary Medicine : Research and Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.dovepress.com/infectious-bursal-disease-virus-in-chickens-prevalence-impact-and-mana-peer-reviewed-article-VMRR
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spelling doaj-5cda70aaabfa4f5fbd9810385196d8772020-11-25T00:45:56ZengDove Medical PressVeterinary Medicine : Research and Reports2230-20342019-08-01Volume 10859747624Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategiesDey SPathak DCRamamurthy NMaity HKChellappa MMSohini Dey, Dinesh C Pathak, Narayan Ramamurthy, Hemanta Kumar Maity, Madhan Mohan ChellappaRecombinant DNA Lab, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, IndiaAbstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. Although first observed about 60 years ago, to date, the disease is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. IBD virus (IBDV), a double-stranded RNA virus, exists as two serotypes with only serotype 1 causing the disease in young chickens. The virus infects the bursa of Fabricius of particularly the actively dividing and differentiating lymphocytes of the B-cells lineage of immature chickens, resulting in morbidity, mortality, and immunosuppression. Immunosuppression enhances the susceptibility of chickens to other infections and interferes with vaccination against other diseases. Immunization is the most important measure to control IBD; however, rampant usage of live vaccines has resulted in the evolution of new strains. Although the immunosuppression caused by IBDV is more directed toward the B lymphocytes, the protective immunity in birds depends on inducement of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The interference with the inactivated vaccine induced maternally derived antibodies in young chicks has become a hurdle in controlling the disease, thus necessitating the development of newer vaccines with improved efficacy. The present review illustrates the overall dynamics of the virus and the disease, and the recent developments in the field of virus diagnosis and vaccine research.Keywords: infectious bursal disease, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, vaccineshttps://www.dovepress.com/infectious-bursal-disease-virus-in-chickens-prevalence-impact-and-mana-peer-reviewed-article-VMRRInfectious bursal diseaseepidemiologypathogenesisdiagnosisvaccines
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Dey S
Pathak DC
Ramamurthy N
Maity HK
Chellappa MM
spellingShingle Dey S
Pathak DC
Ramamurthy N
Maity HK
Chellappa MM
Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
Veterinary Medicine : Research and Reports
Infectious bursal disease
epidemiology
pathogenesis
diagnosis
vaccines
author_facet Dey S
Pathak DC
Ramamurthy N
Maity HK
Chellappa MM
author_sort Dey S
title Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
title_short Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
title_full Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
title_fullStr Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
title_full_unstemmed Infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
title_sort infectious bursal disease virus in chickens: prevalence, impact, and management strategies
publisher Dove Medical Press
series Veterinary Medicine : Research and Reports
issn 2230-2034
publishDate 2019-08-01
description Sohini Dey, Dinesh C Pathak, Narayan Ramamurthy, Hemanta Kumar Maity, Madhan Mohan ChellappaRecombinant DNA Lab, Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, IndiaAbstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD), also known as Gumboro disease, is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. Although first observed about 60 years ago, to date, the disease is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. IBD virus (IBDV), a double-stranded RNA virus, exists as two serotypes with only serotype 1 causing the disease in young chickens. The virus infects the bursa of Fabricius of particularly the actively dividing and differentiating lymphocytes of the B-cells lineage of immature chickens, resulting in morbidity, mortality, and immunosuppression. Immunosuppression enhances the susceptibility of chickens to other infections and interferes with vaccination against other diseases. Immunization is the most important measure to control IBD; however, rampant usage of live vaccines has resulted in the evolution of new strains. Although the immunosuppression caused by IBDV is more directed toward the B lymphocytes, the protective immunity in birds depends on inducement of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. The interference with the inactivated vaccine induced maternally derived antibodies in young chicks has become a hurdle in controlling the disease, thus necessitating the development of newer vaccines with improved efficacy. The present review illustrates the overall dynamics of the virus and the disease, and the recent developments in the field of virus diagnosis and vaccine research.Keywords: infectious bursal disease, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, vaccines
topic Infectious bursal disease
epidemiology
pathogenesis
diagnosis
vaccines
url https://www.dovepress.com/infectious-bursal-disease-virus-in-chickens-prevalence-impact-and-mana-peer-reviewed-article-VMRR
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