Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations: A randomized controlled trial
Introduction Smoking cessation during pregnancy is beneficial to both the mother and child. Our objective was to assess if an intensive smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women increases: a) rates of smoking cessation, and b) reduces exposure to tobacco-specific carcinogens during pregnancy...
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doaj-5cf72af72fc14f7b91d8c7c062894d1e2020-11-25T00:10:49ZengEuropean PublishingEuropean Journal of Midwifery2585-29062018-11-012November10.18332/ejm/9954699546Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations: A randomized controlled trialAndriani N. Loukopoulou0Constantine I. Vardavas1George Farmakides2Christos Rosolymos3Charalambos Chrelias4Manolis Tzatzarakis5Aristidis Tsatsakis6Antonis Myridakis7Maria Lyberi8Panagiotis K. Behrakis9General Oncology Hospital of Kifissia “Agioi Anargyroi”George D Behrakis Research Lab, Hellenic Cancer Society, Athens, GreeceGeneral Maternity Hospital Helena Venizelou, Athens, GreeceGeneral Maternity Hospital Helena Venizelou, Athens, GreeceSchool of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, GreeceLaboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, GreeceEnvironmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (ECPL), Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, GreeceSchool of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GreeceGeorge D Behrakis Research Lab, Hellenic Cancer Society, Athens, GreeceIntroduction Smoking cessation during pregnancy is beneficial to both the mother and child. Our objective was to assess if an intensive smoking cessation intervention for pregnant women increases: a) rates of smoking cessation, and b) reduces exposure to tobacco-specific carcinogens during pregnancy. Methods A two-group single-blinded parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted involving 84 pregnant smokers in either a high intensity (n=42) or minimal contact control group (n=42). Women assigned to the high intensity smoking cessation intervention group received a single 30-minute behavioural counselling session and a tailored self-help booklet. The primary outcome measures were: 7-day point prevalence abstinence measured by selfreport and urine cotinine levels, and maternal tobacco specific carcinogens nitrosamine (NNAL) urine concentrations assessed at 32 weeks of gestation. Results A significantly greater percentage of pregnant smokers quit smoking in the high intensity group compared to the low intensity control group (45.2% vs 21.4%; p=0.001). A significant decrease in urine cotinine concentrations was documented in the experimental group (-140.74 ± 361.70 ng/mL; p=0.004), with no significant decrease documented in the control group. A significant decrease in NNAL levels was also documented in the experimental group (158.17 ± 145.03 pg/mL before, 86.43 ± 112.54 pg/mL after; p=0.032) with no significant changes in the control group. Conclusions The high intensity intervention tested resulted in significantly greater cessation rates. Intensive smoking cessation interventions can be effective in reducing fetal exposure to NNAL. This is the first trial to report on NNAL tobacco-specific carcinogen concentrations before and after an intervention for smoking cessation during pregnancy.http://www.journalssystem.com/ejm/Counselling-for-smoking-cessation-during-pregnancy-reduces-tobacco-specific-nitrosamine,99546,0,2.htmlsmoking cessationpregnancycognitivebehaviouralinterventionstobacco-specificcarcinogenNNAL |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Andriani N. Loukopoulou Constantine I. Vardavas George Farmakides Christos Rosolymos Charalambos Chrelias Manolis Tzatzarakis Aristidis Tsatsakis Antonis Myridakis Maria Lyberi Panagiotis K. Behrakis |
spellingShingle |
Andriani N. Loukopoulou Constantine I. Vardavas George Farmakides Christos Rosolymos Charalambos Chrelias Manolis Tzatzarakis Aristidis Tsatsakis Antonis Myridakis Maria Lyberi Panagiotis K. Behrakis Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL) concentrations: A randomized controlled trial European Journal of Midwifery smoking cessation pregnancy cognitivebehavioural interventions tobacco-specific carcinogen NNAL |
author_facet |
Andriani N. Loukopoulou Constantine I. Vardavas George Farmakides Christos Rosolymos Charalambos Chrelias Manolis Tzatzarakis Aristidis Tsatsakis Antonis Myridakis Maria Lyberi Panagiotis K. Behrakis |
author_sort |
Andriani N. Loukopoulou |
title |
Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL)
concentrations: A randomized controlled trial |
title_short |
Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL)
concentrations: A randomized controlled trial |
title_full |
Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL)
concentrations: A randomized controlled trial |
title_fullStr |
Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL)
concentrations: A randomized controlled trial |
title_full_unstemmed |
Counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (NNAL)
concentrations: A randomized controlled trial |
title_sort |
counselling for smoking cessation during pregnancy
reduces tobacco-specific nitrosamine (nnal)
concentrations: a randomized controlled trial |
publisher |
European Publishing |
series |
European Journal of Midwifery |
issn |
2585-2906 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Introduction
Smoking cessation during pregnancy is beneficial to both
the mother and child. Our objective was to assess if an intensive smoking
cessation intervention for pregnant women increases: a) rates of smoking
cessation, and b) reduces exposure to tobacco-specific carcinogens during
pregnancy.
Methods
A two-group single-blinded parallel randomized controlled trial
(RCT) was conducted involving 84 pregnant smokers in either a high intensity
(n=42) or minimal contact control group (n=42). Women assigned to the high
intensity smoking cessation intervention group received a single 30-minute
behavioural counselling session and a tailored self-help booklet. The primary
outcome measures were: 7-day point prevalence abstinence measured by selfreport
and urine cotinine levels, and maternal tobacco specific carcinogens
nitrosamine (NNAL) urine concentrations assessed at 32 weeks of gestation.
Results
A significantly greater percentage of pregnant smokers quit smoking
in the high intensity group compared to the low intensity control group (45.2%
vs 21.4%; p=0.001). A significant decrease in urine cotinine concentrations was
documented in the experimental group (-140.74 ± 361.70 ng/mL; p=0.004),
with no significant decrease documented in the control group. A significant
decrease in NNAL levels was also documented in the experimental group
(158.17 ± 145.03 pg/mL before, 86.43 ± 112.54 pg/mL after; p=0.032) with
no significant changes in the control group.
Conclusions
The high intensity intervention tested resulted in significantly
greater cessation rates. Intensive smoking cessation interventions can be
effective in reducing fetal exposure to NNAL. This is the first trial to report
on NNAL tobacco-specific carcinogen concentrations before and after an
intervention for smoking cessation during pregnancy. |
topic |
smoking cessation pregnancy cognitivebehavioural interventions tobacco-specific carcinogen NNAL |
url |
http://www.journalssystem.com/ejm/Counselling-for-smoking-cessation-during-pregnancy-reduces-tobacco-specific-nitrosamine,99546,0,2.html |
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