Epidemiological, clinical and radiological patterns of interstitial lung diseases at cardiothoracic Minia University Hospital: a single centre prospective study

• Main Authors: Azza F Said, Basma M Abdel-Kader, Manal F Abu-Samra, Zainab Hassan Saeed, Moustafa Abdel-Kader, Ahmed H Kasem
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2021-01-01
• Series: Egyptian Journal of Chest Disease and Tuberculosis
• Subjects: clinical features; hypersensitivity pneumonitis; interstitial lung disease; radiological patterns
• Online Access: http://www.ejcdt.eg.net/article.asp?issn=0422-7638;year=2021;volume=70;issue=1;spage=135;epage=143;aulast=Said

Background Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) have undergone significant evolution in recent years. Clinical epidemiological data on ILDs from Egypt are limited. We performed this research to assess the epidemiological, clinical, and radiological patterns of ILDs at a single center for 1-year duration. Patients and methods An observational cohort study was performed on 100 patients of ILDs. Patients’ demographic, clinical examination, spirometry, 6-min walk test, collagen profile, and high-resolution computed tomography of the chest data were collected. Results A total of 100 patients with ILDs were studied, and 77 of them were females. The mean age of the patients was 48 years, 88% of them from rural areas, and ∼50% of them were housewives with significant exposure to bird breeding. The distribution of ILD cases was hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) (51%) followed by idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (26%), unclassifiable ILD (13%), and lastly, connective tissue disease associated with ILD (10%). Most of the clinical features had nearly an equal distribution among the different types of ILDs (P>0.05). Regarding radiological pattern on high-resolution computed tomography chest, it was found that ground-glass opacity was the only pattern that had a significant occurrence in patients with HP than other subtypes. Conclusion Approximately half of the studied patients had HP, so attention to those exposed patients is an important element for early diagnosis of HP as the most common subtype of ILD.