Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-assisted smartphone applications in the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was performed in two urban outpatient clinics in Hanoi from May to December 2019. A simple random sampling me...
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doaj-5d2b66b6eba54fe78718afa141cfbdba2021-02-05T00:06:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-02-01181467146710.3390/ijerph18041467Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of VietnamThu Minh Bui0Men Thi Hoang1Toan Van Ngo2Cuong Duy Do3Son Hong Nghiem4Joshua Byrnes5Dung Tri Phung6Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen7Giang Thu Vu8Hoa Thi Do9Carl A. Latkin10Roger C.M. Ho11Cyrus S.H. Ho12Bach Mai Medical College, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi 100000, VietnamInstitute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, VietnamInstitute for Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, VietnamNational Hospital of Tropical Diseases, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi 100000, VietnamCentre for Applied Health Economics (CAHE), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, AustraliaCentre for Applied Health Economics (CAHE), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, AustraliaSchool of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4222, AustraliaInstitute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, VietnamCenter of Excellence in Evidence-Based Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, VietnamInstitute of Health Economics and Technology, Hanoi 100000, VietnamBloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USADepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, SingaporeDepartment of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, SingaporeThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-assisted smartphone applications in the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was performed in two urban outpatient clinics in Hanoi from May to December 2019. A simple random sampling method and a structured questionnaire were used to recruit 495 eligible participants and to collect data. Multivariable modified Poisson regression and multivariable linear regression models were employed to investigate the factors associated with the willingness to pay (WTP) and amount of money patients were willing to pay. Approximately 82.8% of respondents were willing to pay for the hypothetical applications, with the mean amount the participants were willing to pay of Vietnam Dong (VND) 72,100/month. Marital status (separate/divorced/widow: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.09; 1.50) and having spouse/partner: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = (1.03; 1.36)) and using health services (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = (1.01; 1.04)) were positively associated with nominating they would be WTP for the app, whereas the duration of antiretroviral treatment (ART) (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = (0.96; 0.99)) had a negative association. The frequency of using health services (β = 0.04, 95% CI = (−0.07; −0.01)) was negatively associated with the amount of WTP. High levels of WTP revealed the feasibility of implementing smartphone-based apps for HIV treatment. This study implied the necessity to consider a co-payment system to reach populations who were in need but where such applications may be unaffordable in lieu of other treatment-associated expenses. Developers also need to pay attention to privacy features to attract single people living with HIV/AIDS and additional measures to initiate people with a long duration on ART into using the applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1467WTPsmartphoneantiretroviral treatmenturbanVietnam |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Thu Minh Bui Men Thi Hoang Toan Van Ngo Cuong Duy Do Son Hong Nghiem Joshua Byrnes Dung Tri Phung Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen Giang Thu Vu Hoa Thi Do Carl A. Latkin Roger C.M. Ho Cyrus S.H. Ho |
spellingShingle |
Thu Minh Bui Men Thi Hoang Toan Van Ngo Cuong Duy Do Son Hong Nghiem Joshua Byrnes Dung Tri Phung Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen Giang Thu Vu Hoa Thi Do Carl A. Latkin Roger C.M. Ho Cyrus S.H. Ho Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health WTP smartphone antiretroviral treatment urban Vietnam |
author_facet |
Thu Minh Bui Men Thi Hoang Toan Van Ngo Cuong Duy Do Son Hong Nghiem Joshua Byrnes Dung Tri Phung Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen Giang Thu Vu Hoa Thi Do Carl A. Latkin Roger C.M. Ho Cyrus S.H. Ho |
author_sort |
Thu Minh Bui |
title |
Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam |
title_short |
Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam |
title_full |
Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam |
title_fullStr |
Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam |
title_full_unstemmed |
Smartphone Use and Willingness to Pay for HIV Treatment-Assisted Smartphone Applications among HIV-Positive Patients in Urban Clinics of Vietnam |
title_sort |
smartphone use and willingness to pay for hiv treatment-assisted smartphone applications among hiv-positive patients in urban clinics of vietnam |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-assisted smartphone applications in the treatment of HIV/AIDS patients in Vietnam. A cross-sectional study was performed in two urban outpatient clinics in Hanoi from May to December 2019. A simple random sampling method and a structured questionnaire were used to recruit 495 eligible participants and to collect data. Multivariable modified Poisson regression and multivariable linear regression models were employed to investigate the factors associated with the willingness to pay (WTP) and amount of money patients were willing to pay. Approximately 82.8% of respondents were willing to pay for the hypothetical applications, with the mean amount the participants were willing to pay of Vietnam Dong (VND) 72,100/month. Marital status (separate/divorced/widow: Odds ratio (OR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (1.09; 1.50) and having spouse/partner: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = (1.03; 1.36)) and using health services (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = (1.01; 1.04)) were positively associated with nominating they would be WTP for the app, whereas the duration of antiretroviral treatment (ART) (OR = 0.98, 95% CI = (0.96; 0.99)) had a negative association. The frequency of using health services (β = 0.04, 95% CI = (−0.07; −0.01)) was negatively associated with the amount of WTP. High levels of WTP revealed the feasibility of implementing smartphone-based apps for HIV treatment. This study implied the necessity to consider a co-payment system to reach populations who were in need but where such applications may be unaffordable in lieu of other treatment-associated expenses. Developers also need to pay attention to privacy features to attract single people living with HIV/AIDS and additional measures to initiate people with a long duration on ART into using the applications. |
topic |
WTP smartphone antiretroviral treatment urban Vietnam |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/4/1467 |
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