Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites
Iron is an essential micronutrient for the brain development of the fetus. Altered intestinal microbiota might affect behavior and cognition through the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. We used a Sprague-Dawley rat model of a maternal low-iron diet to explore the changes in cognition, dorsal hip...
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doaj-5dac423fedb04cfeb048281160ba40422020-11-25T03:01:39ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012020-08-01176070607010.3390/ijerph17176070Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and MetabolitesHsin-Yi Hsieh0Yu-Chieh Chen1Mei-Hsin Hsu2Hong-Ren Yu3Chung-Hao Su4You-Lin Tain5Li-Tung Huang6Jiunn-Ming Sheen7Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi 613, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, TaiwanIron is an essential micronutrient for the brain development of the fetus. Altered intestinal microbiota might affect behavior and cognition through the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. We used a Sprague-Dawley rat model of a maternal low-iron diet to explore the changes in cognition, dorsal hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and related pathways, gut microbiota, and related metabolites in adult male offspring. We established maternal iron-deficient rats by feeding them a low-iron diet (2.9 mg/kg), while the control rats were fed a standard diet (52.3 mg/kg). We used a Morris water maze test to assess spatial learning and long-term memory. Western blot (WB) assays and a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the BDNF concentration and related signaling pathways. We collected fecal samples for microbiota profiling and measured the concentrations of plasma short-chain fatty acids. The adult male offspring of maternal rats fed low-iron diets before pregnancy, during pregnancy and throughout the lactation period had (1) spatial deficits, (2) a decreased BDNF mRNA expression and protein concentrations, accompanied by a decreased TrkB protein abundance, (3) a decreased plasma acetate concentration, and (4) an enrichment of the <i>Bacteroidaceae</i> genus <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> genus <i>Marvinbryantia</i>. Maternal iron deficiency leads to an offspring spatial deficit and is associated with alternations in gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolites.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6070spatial deficitiron deficiencymicrobiotaprogramming |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hsin-Yi Hsieh Yu-Chieh Chen Mei-Hsin Hsu Hong-Ren Yu Chung-Hao Su You-Lin Tain Li-Tung Huang Jiunn-Ming Sheen |
spellingShingle |
Hsin-Yi Hsieh Yu-Chieh Chen Mei-Hsin Hsu Hong-Ren Yu Chung-Hao Su You-Lin Tain Li-Tung Huang Jiunn-Ming Sheen Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health spatial deficit iron deficiency microbiota programming |
author_facet |
Hsin-Yi Hsieh Yu-Chieh Chen Mei-Hsin Hsu Hong-Ren Yu Chung-Hao Su You-Lin Tain Li-Tung Huang Jiunn-Ming Sheen |
author_sort |
Hsin-Yi Hsieh |
title |
Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites |
title_short |
Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites |
title_full |
Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites |
title_fullStr |
Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Maternal Iron Deficiency Programs Offspring Cognition and Its Relationship with Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Metabolites |
title_sort |
maternal iron deficiency programs offspring cognition and its relationship with gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolites |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
Iron is an essential micronutrient for the brain development of the fetus. Altered intestinal microbiota might affect behavior and cognition through the so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. We used a Sprague-Dawley rat model of a maternal low-iron diet to explore the changes in cognition, dorsal hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and related pathways, gut microbiota, and related metabolites in adult male offspring. We established maternal iron-deficient rats by feeding them a low-iron diet (2.9 mg/kg), while the control rats were fed a standard diet (52.3 mg/kg). We used a Morris water maze test to assess spatial learning and long-term memory. Western blot (WB) assays and a quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the BDNF concentration and related signaling pathways. We collected fecal samples for microbiota profiling and measured the concentrations of plasma short-chain fatty acids. The adult male offspring of maternal rats fed low-iron diets before pregnancy, during pregnancy and throughout the lactation period had (1) spatial deficits, (2) a decreased BDNF mRNA expression and protein concentrations, accompanied by a decreased TrkB protein abundance, (3) a decreased plasma acetate concentration, and (4) an enrichment of the <i>Bacteroidaceae</i> genus <i>Bacteroides</i> and <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> genus <i>Marvinbryantia</i>. Maternal iron deficiency leads to an offspring spatial deficit and is associated with alternations in gastrointestinal microbiota and metabolites. |
topic |
spatial deficit iron deficiency microbiota programming |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6070 |
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