Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control
Abstract Dietary supplementation of essential amino acids (EAAs) has been shown to promote healthspan. EAAs regulate, in fact, glucose and lipid metabolism and energy balance, increase mitochondrial biogenesis, and maintain immune homeostasis. Basic science and epidemiological results indicate that...
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doaj-5de5133f7a684249ad7750cbaedcd8872020-11-24T21:07:56ZengBMCGenes & Nutrition1555-89321865-34992017-10-0112111210.1186/s12263-017-0582-2Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems controlFrancesco Bifari0Chiara Ruocco1Ilaria Decimo2Guido Fumagalli3Alessandra Valerio4Enzo Nisoli5Laboratory of Cell Metabolism and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of MilanCenter for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of MilanSection of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of VeronaSection of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of VeronaDepartment of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of BresciaCenter for Study and Research on Obesity, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of MilanAbstract Dietary supplementation of essential amino acids (EAAs) has been shown to promote healthspan. EAAs regulate, in fact, glucose and lipid metabolism and energy balance, increase mitochondrial biogenesis, and maintain immune homeostasis. Basic science and epidemiological results indicate that dietary macronutrient composition affects healthspan through multiple and integrated mechanisms, and their effects are closely related to the metabolic status to which they act. In particular, EAA supplementation can trigger different and even opposite effects depending on the catabolic and anabolic states of the organisms. Among others, gut-associated microbial communities (referred to as gut microbiota) emerged as a major regulator of the host metabolism. Diet and host health influence gut microbiota, and composition of gut microbiota, in turn, controls many aspects of host health, including nutrient metabolism, resistance to infection, and immune signals. Altered communication between the innate immune system and the gut microbiota might contribute to complex diseases. Furthermore, gut microbiota and its impact to host health change largely during different life phases such as lactation, weaning, and aging. Here we will review the accumulating body of knowledge on the impact of dietary EAA supplementation on the host metabolic health and healthspan from a holistic perspective. Moreover, we will focus on the current efforts to establish causal relationships among dietary EAAs, gut microbiota, and health during human development.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12263-017-0582-2AgingBranched-chain amino acidsDiabetesEssential amino acidsGut microbiotaObesity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Francesco Bifari Chiara Ruocco Ilaria Decimo Guido Fumagalli Alessandra Valerio Enzo Nisoli |
spellingShingle |
Francesco Bifari Chiara Ruocco Ilaria Decimo Guido Fumagalli Alessandra Valerio Enzo Nisoli Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control Genes & Nutrition Aging Branched-chain amino acids Diabetes Essential amino acids Gut microbiota Obesity |
author_facet |
Francesco Bifari Chiara Ruocco Ilaria Decimo Guido Fumagalli Alessandra Valerio Enzo Nisoli |
author_sort |
Francesco Bifari |
title |
Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
title_short |
Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
title_full |
Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
title_fullStr |
Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
title_full_unstemmed |
Amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
title_sort |
amino acid supplements and metabolic health: a potential interplay between intestinal microbiota and systems control |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Genes & Nutrition |
issn |
1555-8932 1865-3499 |
publishDate |
2017-10-01 |
description |
Abstract Dietary supplementation of essential amino acids (EAAs) has been shown to promote healthspan. EAAs regulate, in fact, glucose and lipid metabolism and energy balance, increase mitochondrial biogenesis, and maintain immune homeostasis. Basic science and epidemiological results indicate that dietary macronutrient composition affects healthspan through multiple and integrated mechanisms, and their effects are closely related to the metabolic status to which they act. In particular, EAA supplementation can trigger different and even opposite effects depending on the catabolic and anabolic states of the organisms. Among others, gut-associated microbial communities (referred to as gut microbiota) emerged as a major regulator of the host metabolism. Diet and host health influence gut microbiota, and composition of gut microbiota, in turn, controls many aspects of host health, including nutrient metabolism, resistance to infection, and immune signals. Altered communication between the innate immune system and the gut microbiota might contribute to complex diseases. Furthermore, gut microbiota and its impact to host health change largely during different life phases such as lactation, weaning, and aging. Here we will review the accumulating body of knowledge on the impact of dietary EAA supplementation on the host metabolic health and healthspan from a holistic perspective. Moreover, we will focus on the current efforts to establish causal relationships among dietary EAAs, gut microbiota, and health during human development. |
topic |
Aging Branched-chain amino acids Diabetes Essential amino acids Gut microbiota Obesity |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12263-017-0582-2 |
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