Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children
Objective: Autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with a high rate of comorbidity. To date, diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and distinct reliable biomarkers have been identified neither for ASD nor ADHD. Most previous ne...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-10-01
|
Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00521/full |
id |
doaj-5e0669e7c4464420bbf0f7a722937b8d |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-5e0669e7c4464420bbf0f7a722937b8d2020-11-24T21:04:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402018-10-01910.3389/fpsyt.2018.00521404861Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in ChildrenKathrin Nickel0Ludger Tebartz van Elst1Jacek Manko2Josef Unterrainer3Reinhold Rauh4Christoph Klein5Dominique Endres6Christoph P. Kaller7Irina Mader8Andreas Riedel9Monica Biscaldi10Simon Maier11Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyMedical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, GermanyObjective: Autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with a high rate of comorbidity. To date, diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and distinct reliable biomarkers have been identified neither for ASD nor ADHD. Most previous neuroimaging studies investigated ASD and ADHD separately.Method: To address the question of structural brain differences between ASD and ADHD, we performed FreeSurfer analysis in a sample of children with ADHD (n = 30), with high-functioning ASD (n = 14), with comorbid high-functioning ASD and ADHD (n = 15), and of typically developed controls (TD; n = 36). With FreeSurfer, an automated brain imaging processing and analyzing suite, we reconstructed the cerebral cortex and calculated gray matter volumes as well as cortical surface parameters in terms of cortical thickness and mean curvature.Results: A significant main effect of the factor ADHD was detected for the left inferior frontal gyrus (Pars orbitalis) volume, with the ADHD group exhibiting smaller Pars orbitalis volumes. Dimensional measures of autism (SRS total raw score) and ADHD (DISYPS-II FBB-ADHD score) had no significant influence on the left Pars orbitalis volume. Both, ASD and ADHD tended to have an effect on cortical thickness or mean curvature, which did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.Conclusion: Our results underline that ADHD rather than ASD is associated with volume loss in the left inferior frontal gyrus (Pars orbitalis). This area might play a relevant role in modulating symptoms of inattention and/or impulsivity in ADHD. The effect of comorbid ADHD in ASD samples and vice versa, on cortical thickness and mean curvature, requires further investigation in larger samples.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00521/fullautism spectrum disorder (ASD)attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)FreeSurfercortical thicknessmean curvature |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kathrin Nickel Ludger Tebartz van Elst Jacek Manko Josef Unterrainer Reinhold Rauh Christoph Klein Dominique Endres Christoph P. Kaller Irina Mader Andreas Riedel Monica Biscaldi Simon Maier |
spellingShingle |
Kathrin Nickel Ludger Tebartz van Elst Jacek Manko Josef Unterrainer Reinhold Rauh Christoph Klein Dominique Endres Christoph P. Kaller Irina Mader Andreas Riedel Monica Biscaldi Simon Maier Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children Frontiers in Psychiatry autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) FreeSurfer cortical thickness mean curvature |
author_facet |
Kathrin Nickel Ludger Tebartz van Elst Jacek Manko Josef Unterrainer Reinhold Rauh Christoph Klein Dominique Endres Christoph P. Kaller Irina Mader Andreas Riedel Monica Biscaldi Simon Maier |
author_sort |
Kathrin Nickel |
title |
Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children |
title_short |
Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children |
title_full |
Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children |
title_fullStr |
Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children |
title_full_unstemmed |
Inferior Frontal Gyrus Volume Loss Distinguishes Between Autism and (Comorbid) Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder—A FreeSurfer Analysis in Children |
title_sort |
inferior frontal gyrus volume loss distinguishes between autism and (comorbid) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder—a freesurfer analysis in children |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Psychiatry |
issn |
1664-0640 |
publishDate |
2018-10-01 |
description |
Objective: Autism spectrum (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with a high rate of comorbidity. To date, diagnosis is based on clinical presentation and distinct reliable biomarkers have been identified neither for ASD nor ADHD. Most previous neuroimaging studies investigated ASD and ADHD separately.Method: To address the question of structural brain differences between ASD and ADHD, we performed FreeSurfer analysis in a sample of children with ADHD (n = 30), with high-functioning ASD (n = 14), with comorbid high-functioning ASD and ADHD (n = 15), and of typically developed controls (TD; n = 36). With FreeSurfer, an automated brain imaging processing and analyzing suite, we reconstructed the cerebral cortex and calculated gray matter volumes as well as cortical surface parameters in terms of cortical thickness and mean curvature.Results: A significant main effect of the factor ADHD was detected for the left inferior frontal gyrus (Pars orbitalis) volume, with the ADHD group exhibiting smaller Pars orbitalis volumes. Dimensional measures of autism (SRS total raw score) and ADHD (DISYPS-II FBB-ADHD score) had no significant influence on the left Pars orbitalis volume. Both, ASD and ADHD tended to have an effect on cortical thickness or mean curvature, which did not survive correction for multiple comparisons.Conclusion: Our results underline that ADHD rather than ASD is associated with volume loss in the left inferior frontal gyrus (Pars orbitalis). This area might play a relevant role in modulating symptoms of inattention and/or impulsivity in ADHD. The effect of comorbid ADHD in ASD samples and vice versa, on cortical thickness and mean curvature, requires further investigation in larger samples. |
topic |
autism spectrum disorder (ASD) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) FreeSurfer cortical thickness mean curvature |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00521/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT kathrinnickel inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT ludgertebartzvanelst inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT jacekmanko inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT josefunterrainer inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT reinholdrauh inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT christophklein inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT dominiqueendres inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT christophpkaller inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT irinamader inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT andreasriedel inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT monicabiscaldi inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren AT simonmaier inferiorfrontalgyrusvolumelossdistinguishesbetweenautismandcomorbidattentiondeficithyperactivitydisorderafreesurferanalysisinchildren |
_version_ |
1716770780318007296 |