HHIP overexpression inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer.

• Main Authors: Jian-Guo Zhao, Jian-Fang Wang, Jiang-Feng Feng, Xue-Ying Jin, Wan-Li Ye
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2019-01-01
• Series: PLoS ONE
• Online Access: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225755

<h4>Objective</h4>The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hedgehog-interacting protein (HHIP) overexpression on the proliferation, migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).<h4>Methods</h4>Firstly, HHIP gene expression data of NSCLC tissues and normal tissues were obtained from GSE18842/GSE19804/GSE43458 databases of the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and then validated by TCGA NSCLC database in a cohort of 1027 cases of NSCLC patients and 108 cases of normal people. A chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship between HHIP expression and clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC. The expression levels of HHIP in NSCLC cells were detected by quantitative-real time PCR. The function of HHIP was investigated by a series of in vitro assays. CCK-8, wounding healing, Transwell invasion assay were utilized to explore the mechanisms of HHIP.<h4>Results</h4>HHIP mRNA were significantly down-regulated in NSCLC in three GEO databases and TCGA database (P<0.05). This result was confirmed in NSCLC cell lines by qRT-PCR analysis, its expression in normal NSCLC cell line BEAS-2B was significantly higher than that in NSCLC cells. Chi-square test results showed that the low expression of HHIP was correlated with gender, cancer type, TNM stage and tumor size. Functional experimental results showed that over-expressing HHIP significantly decreased the ability of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in NSCLC cells (P<0.05).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Overall, the above results indicated that HHIP could regulate proliferation, migration and invasion, and could be used as a judging criterion for identifying NSCLC classification and stage.