Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin
The immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a critical factor in the clinical presentation of COVID-19, which may range from asymptomatic to a fatal, multi-organ disease. A dysregulated immune response not only compromises the ability of the host to resolve...
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doaj-5e4cb49044d146c2ac3936ea83d9ca0d2020-12-02T22:59:23ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2020-12-01871371310.3390/vaccines8040713Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the CoinClaudio Costantini0Frank L. van de Veerdonk1Luigina Romani2Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, ItalyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The NetherlandsDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, ItalyThe immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a critical factor in the clinical presentation of COVID-19, which may range from asymptomatic to a fatal, multi-organ disease. A dysregulated immune response not only compromises the ability of the host to resolve the viral infection, but may also predispose the individual to secondary bacterial and fungal infections, a risk to which the current therapeutic immunomodulatory approaches significantly contribute. Among the secondary infections that may occur in COVID-19 patients, coronavirus-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is emerging as a potential cause of morbidity and mortality, although many aspects of the disease still remain unresolved. With this opinion, we present the current view of CAPA and discuss how the same mechanisms that underlie the dysregulated immune response in COVID-19 increase susceptibility to <i>Aspergillus</i> infection. Likewise, resorting to endogenous pathways of immunomodulation may not only restore immune homeostasis in COVID-19 patients, but also reduce the risk for aspergillosis. Therefore, CAPA represents the other side of the coin in COVID-19 and our advances in the understanding and treatment of the immune response in COVID-19 should represent the framework for the study of CAPA.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/4/713COVID-19<i>Aspergillus</i>anakinraAryl Hydrocarbon Receptorthymosin alpha 1 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Claudio Costantini Frank L. van de Veerdonk Luigina Romani |
spellingShingle |
Claudio Costantini Frank L. van de Veerdonk Luigina Romani Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin Vaccines COVID-19 <i>Aspergillus</i> anakinra Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor thymosin alpha 1 |
author_facet |
Claudio Costantini Frank L. van de Veerdonk Luigina Romani |
author_sort |
Claudio Costantini |
title |
Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin |
title_short |
Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin |
title_full |
Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin |
title_fullStr |
Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin |
title_full_unstemmed |
Covid-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis: The Other Side of the Coin |
title_sort |
covid-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis: the other side of the coin |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Vaccines |
issn |
2076-393X |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
The immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a critical factor in the clinical presentation of COVID-19, which may range from asymptomatic to a fatal, multi-organ disease. A dysregulated immune response not only compromises the ability of the host to resolve the viral infection, but may also predispose the individual to secondary bacterial and fungal infections, a risk to which the current therapeutic immunomodulatory approaches significantly contribute. Among the secondary infections that may occur in COVID-19 patients, coronavirus-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is emerging as a potential cause of morbidity and mortality, although many aspects of the disease still remain unresolved. With this opinion, we present the current view of CAPA and discuss how the same mechanisms that underlie the dysregulated immune response in COVID-19 increase susceptibility to <i>Aspergillus</i> infection. Likewise, resorting to endogenous pathways of immunomodulation may not only restore immune homeostasis in COVID-19 patients, but also reduce the risk for aspergillosis. Therefore, CAPA represents the other side of the coin in COVID-19 and our advances in the understanding and treatment of the immune response in COVID-19 should represent the framework for the study of CAPA. |
topic |
COVID-19 <i>Aspergillus</i> anakinra Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor thymosin alpha 1 |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/8/4/713 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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