Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation
Intestine is always exposed to external environment and intestinal microorganism; thus it is more sensitive to dysfunction and dysbiosis, leading to intestinal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and diarrhea. An increasing number of studies indica...
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Series: | BioMed Research International |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9171905 |
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doaj-5e610db5dcfd4aa2860e210eace65eb92020-11-24T23:43:32ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412018-01-01201810.1155/2018/91719059171905Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal InflammationFang He0Chenlu Wu1Pan Li2Nengzhang Li3Dong Zhang4Quoqiang Zhu5Wenkai Ren6Yuanyi Peng7College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, ChinaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, ChinaCollege of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, ChinaIntestine is always exposed to external environment and intestinal microorganism; thus it is more sensitive to dysfunction and dysbiosis, leading to intestinal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and diarrhea. An increasing number of studies indicate that dietary amino acids play significant roles in preventing and treating intestinal inflammation. The review aims to summarize the functions and signaling mechanisms of amino acids in intestinal inflammation. Amino acids, including essential amino acids (EAAs), conditionally essential amino acids (CEAAs), and nonessential amino acids (NEAAs), improve the functions of intestinal barrier and expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins but decrease oxidative stress and the apoptosis of enterocytes as well as the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines in the intestinal inflammation. The functions of amino acids are associated with various signaling pathways, including mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), general controlled nonrepressed kinase 2 (GCN2), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9171905 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fang He Chenlu Wu Pan Li Nengzhang Li Dong Zhang Quoqiang Zhu Wenkai Ren Yuanyi Peng |
spellingShingle |
Fang He Chenlu Wu Pan Li Nengzhang Li Dong Zhang Quoqiang Zhu Wenkai Ren Yuanyi Peng Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation BioMed Research International |
author_facet |
Fang He Chenlu Wu Pan Li Nengzhang Li Dong Zhang Quoqiang Zhu Wenkai Ren Yuanyi Peng |
author_sort |
Fang He |
title |
Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation |
title_short |
Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation |
title_full |
Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation |
title_fullStr |
Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Functions and Signaling Pathways of Amino Acids in Intestinal Inflammation |
title_sort |
functions and signaling pathways of amino acids in intestinal inflammation |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
BioMed Research International |
issn |
2314-6133 2314-6141 |
publishDate |
2018-01-01 |
description |
Intestine is always exposed to external environment and intestinal microorganism; thus it is more sensitive to dysfunction and dysbiosis, leading to intestinal inflammation, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and diarrhea. An increasing number of studies indicate that dietary amino acids play significant roles in preventing and treating intestinal inflammation. The review aims to summarize the functions and signaling mechanisms of amino acids in intestinal inflammation. Amino acids, including essential amino acids (EAAs), conditionally essential amino acids (CEAAs), and nonessential amino acids (NEAAs), improve the functions of intestinal barrier and expressions of anti-inflammatory cytokines and tight junction proteins but decrease oxidative stress and the apoptosis of enterocytes as well as the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines in the intestinal inflammation. The functions of amino acids are associated with various signaling pathways, including mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), general controlled nonrepressed kinase 2 (GCN2), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9171905 |
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