Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater
Abstract In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cr...
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2021-02-01
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doaj-5f418ea1480c4470a34592e0819151e22021-02-07T12:35:14ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222021-02-0111111310.1038/s41598-021-82272-7Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawaterBlanca M. Gonzalez-Silva0Kjell Rune Jonassen1Ingrid Bakke2Kjetill Østgaard3Olav Vadstein4Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyAbstract In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cross-transfer in salinity, and the functional capacity of nitrifying microbial communities was quantified by the estimation of ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates. Salinity induced successions were evaluated before and after salinity change by deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and statistical analysis. The bacterial community structure was characterized and Venn diagrams were included. The results indicated that after salinity cross-transfer, the FR was not significantly recovered at seawater salinity whereas SR showed high resistance to stress caused by low-salt. Succession and physiological plasticity were the main mechanisms of the long-term adaption of the nitrifying communities exposed to abrupt salinity changes. Independently of salinity, some nitrifiers presented high physiological plasticity towards salinity and were very successful at both zero and full seawater salinity. SR culture is robust and suitable inoculum for ammonium removal from recirculating aquaculture systems and industrial wastewaters with variable and fast salinity changes. Our findings contradict the current perspective of the significance of salinity on the structure of nitrifying communities.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82272-7 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Blanca M. Gonzalez-Silva Kjell Rune Jonassen Ingrid Bakke Kjetill Østgaard Olav Vadstein |
spellingShingle |
Blanca M. Gonzalez-Silva Kjell Rune Jonassen Ingrid Bakke Kjetill Østgaard Olav Vadstein Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Blanca M. Gonzalez-Silva Kjell Rune Jonassen Ingrid Bakke Kjetill Østgaard Olav Vadstein |
author_sort |
Blanca M. Gonzalez-Silva |
title |
Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
title_short |
Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
title_full |
Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
title_fullStr |
Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
title_sort |
understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Abstract In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cross-transfer in salinity, and the functional capacity of nitrifying microbial communities was quantified by the estimation of ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates. Salinity induced successions were evaluated before and after salinity change by deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and statistical analysis. The bacterial community structure was characterized and Venn diagrams were included. The results indicated that after salinity cross-transfer, the FR was not significantly recovered at seawater salinity whereas SR showed high resistance to stress caused by low-salt. Succession and physiological plasticity were the main mechanisms of the long-term adaption of the nitrifying communities exposed to abrupt salinity changes. Independently of salinity, some nitrifiers presented high physiological plasticity towards salinity and were very successful at both zero and full seawater salinity. SR culture is robust and suitable inoculum for ammonium removal from recirculating aquaculture systems and industrial wastewaters with variable and fast salinity changes. Our findings contradict the current perspective of the significance of salinity on the structure of nitrifying communities. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82272-7 |
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