Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia
Abstract Background Understanding local Anopheles species compositions and bionomic traits are vital for an effective malaria vector intervention strategy. Though eight malaria vectors, including species complexes, have been documented across the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, a comprehensive survey...
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2020-07-01
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Series: | Parasites & Vectors |
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Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04252-6 |
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doaj-5fbcf9ab47554acab5abb393fab0f978 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jenna R. Davidson Isra Wahid Rusdiyah Sudirman Scott T. Small Allison L. Hendershot Robert N. Baskin Timothy A. Burton Victoria Makuru Honglin Xiao Xiaoyu Yu Emma V. Troth Daniel Olivieri Stephanny Lizarraga Hajar Hasan Andi Arfah Muhammad Yusuf Nirwana Nur Din Syafruddin Puji Asih Neil F. Lobo |
spellingShingle |
Jenna R. Davidson Isra Wahid Rusdiyah Sudirman Scott T. Small Allison L. Hendershot Robert N. Baskin Timothy A. Burton Victoria Makuru Honglin Xiao Xiaoyu Yu Emma V. Troth Daniel Olivieri Stephanny Lizarraga Hajar Hasan Andi Arfah Muhammad Yusuf Nirwana Nur Din Syafruddin Puji Asih Neil F. Lobo Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia Parasites & Vectors Anopheles Molecular identification Sulawesi Malaria vectors Indonesia |
author_facet |
Jenna R. Davidson Isra Wahid Rusdiyah Sudirman Scott T. Small Allison L. Hendershot Robert N. Baskin Timothy A. Burton Victoria Makuru Honglin Xiao Xiaoyu Yu Emma V. Troth Daniel Olivieri Stephanny Lizarraga Hajar Hasan Andi Arfah Muhammad Yusuf Nirwana Nur Din Syafruddin Puji Asih Neil F. Lobo |
author_sort |
Jenna R. Davidson |
title |
Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_short |
Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_full |
Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_fullStr |
Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, Indonesia |
title_sort |
molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of anopheles species in karama, west sulawesi, indonesia |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Parasites & Vectors |
issn |
1756-3305 |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Understanding local Anopheles species compositions and bionomic traits are vital for an effective malaria vector intervention strategy. Though eight malaria vectors, including species complexes, have been documented across the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, a comprehensive survey linking morphological and molecular species identification has not been conducted in this global hotspot of biodiversity. Results Eighteen distinct species of Anopheles were molecularly identified in a 1 km2 area in Karama village, West Mamuju Province, Sulawesi. Known species included An. aconitus, An. karwari, An. peditaeniatus, An. vagus, An. barbirostris, An. tessellatus, An. nigerrimus, An. crawfordi, An. maculatus, An. flavirostris and An. kochi. Of the 18 distinct sequence groups identified through both ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region 2, and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 loci, 8 could not be identified to species through comparison to published sequences. The comparison of morphological and molecular identities determined that interpretations of local species compositions for primary and expected species in Karama (An. barbirostris and An. vagus) had the highest rate of accuracy (92.1% and 87.6%, respectively) when compared to molecular analysis. However, the remaining distinct sequences molecularly identified to species were identified correctly by morphological methods less frequently, from 0 to 83%. Conclusions Karama, Indonesia has a high diversity of Anopheles spp. The unexpected high number of Anopheles species in a small area points to possible complex transmission dynamics and limitations with vector control based on possible varying behaviors and interactions with both humans and interventions. Morphological identification of Anopheles spp. in this study was more accurate for primary and expected species than secondary or unexpected species. Finally, the inability to identify seven sequence groups to species with consensus sequences implies that future studies employing sequencing are required to clarify species compositions in the Nigerrimus Subgroup, among others, as well as their distribution and vector status. Use of molecular methods in conjunction with morphological investigations for analysis of species composition, population dynamics and bionomic characteristics is directly implicated in understanding drivers of malaria transmission, intervention effectiveness, and the pursuit of malaria elimination. |
topic |
Anopheles Molecular identification Sulawesi Malaria vectors Indonesia |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04252-6 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-5fbcf9ab47554acab5abb393fab0f9782020-11-25T03:20:37ZengBMCParasites & Vectors1756-33052020-07-0113111110.1186/s13071-020-04252-6Molecular analysis reveals a high diversity of Anopheles species in Karama, West Sulawesi, IndonesiaJenna R. Davidson0Isra Wahid1Rusdiyah Sudirman2Scott T. Small3Allison L. Hendershot4Robert N. Baskin5Timothy A. Burton6Victoria Makuru7Honglin Xiao8Xiaoyu Yu9Emma V. Troth10Daniel Olivieri11Stephanny Lizarraga12Hajar Hasan13Andi Arfah14Muhammad Yusuf15Nirwana Nur16Din Syafruddin17Puji Asih18Neil F. Lobo19Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin UniversityEijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyEck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre DameAbstract Background Understanding local Anopheles species compositions and bionomic traits are vital for an effective malaria vector intervention strategy. Though eight malaria vectors, including species complexes, have been documented across the island of Sulawesi, Indonesia, a comprehensive survey linking morphological and molecular species identification has not been conducted in this global hotspot of biodiversity. Results Eighteen distinct species of Anopheles were molecularly identified in a 1 km2 area in Karama village, West Mamuju Province, Sulawesi. Known species included An. aconitus, An. karwari, An. peditaeniatus, An. vagus, An. barbirostris, An. tessellatus, An. nigerrimus, An. crawfordi, An. maculatus, An. flavirostris and An. kochi. Of the 18 distinct sequence groups identified through both ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region 2, and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 loci, 8 could not be identified to species through comparison to published sequences. The comparison of morphological and molecular identities determined that interpretations of local species compositions for primary and expected species in Karama (An. barbirostris and An. vagus) had the highest rate of accuracy (92.1% and 87.6%, respectively) when compared to molecular analysis. However, the remaining distinct sequences molecularly identified to species were identified correctly by morphological methods less frequently, from 0 to 83%. Conclusions Karama, Indonesia has a high diversity of Anopheles spp. The unexpected high number of Anopheles species in a small area points to possible complex transmission dynamics and limitations with vector control based on possible varying behaviors and interactions with both humans and interventions. Morphological identification of Anopheles spp. in this study was more accurate for primary and expected species than secondary or unexpected species. Finally, the inability to identify seven sequence groups to species with consensus sequences implies that future studies employing sequencing are required to clarify species compositions in the Nigerrimus Subgroup, among others, as well as their distribution and vector status. Use of molecular methods in conjunction with morphological investigations for analysis of species composition, population dynamics and bionomic characteristics is directly implicated in understanding drivers of malaria transmission, intervention effectiveness, and the pursuit of malaria elimination.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13071-020-04252-6AnophelesMolecular identificationSulawesiMalaria vectorsIndonesia |