Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause an incurable multiorganic disease widely spread in sheep and goats that disturbs animal welfare and production. In the absence of a vaccine, control measures have been traditionally based on early diagnosis and breeding with virus-inactivated colostrum with s...
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doaj-605863f3a8454fbfab416dc88ee20fae2021-01-20T00:04:59ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-01-0110838310.3390/pathogens10010083Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K GenotypingHugo Ramírez0Irache Echeverría1Alfredo A. Benito2Idoia Glaria3Julio Benavides4Valentín Pérez5Damián de Andrés6Ramsés Reina7Virology, Genetics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Higher Education, Cuautitlan, Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Campus 4, Km. 2.5 Carretera Cuautitlán-Teoloyucan, San Sebastián Xhala, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, MexicoAnimal Health Department, Institute of Agrobiotechnology (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarra, 31192 Navarra, SpainMolecular and Cell Biology Department, EXOPOL SL, 50840 Zaragoza, SpainAnimal Health Department, Institute of Agrobiotechnology (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarra, 31192 Navarra, SpainMountain Livestock Institute (IGM), CSIC-University of León, 24346 León, SpainDepartment of Animal Health, University of León, 24071 León, SpainAnimal Health Department, Institute of Agrobiotechnology (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarra, 31192 Navarra, SpainAnimal Health Department, Institute of Agrobiotechnology (IdAB), CSIC-Government of Navarra, 31192 Navarra, SpainSmall ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause an incurable multiorganic disease widely spread in sheep and goats that disturbs animal welfare and production. In the absence of a vaccine, control measures have been traditionally based on early diagnosis and breeding with virus-inactivated colostrum with segregation of seropositive animals. However, antigenic heterogeneity, poor antibody production due to low viral load, and single strain design of most available ELISA, pose a threat to SRLV diagnosis. Genome-wide association studies have described TMEM154 E35K polymorphism as a good genetic marker for selection of resistant animals in some American and European breeds. In this study, a multitargeted serological and virological screening of more than 500 animals from four different breeds (latxa, raza Navarra, assaf, and churra) attending to SRLV infection status was performed. Then, animals were genotyped to characterize TMEM154 E35K polymorphism. ELISA procedures, individually considered, only identified a proportion of the seropositive animals, and PCR detected a fraction of seronegative animals, globally offering different animal classifications according to SRLV infection status. TMEM154 allele frequency differed substantially among breeds and a positive association between seroprevalence and TMEM154 genotype was found only in one breed. Selection based on TMEM154 may be suitable for specific ovine breeds or SRLV strains, however generalization to the whole SRLV genetic spectrum, ovine breeds, or epidemiological situation may need further validation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/83small ruminant lentivirusesTMEM154ELISAPCR |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hugo Ramírez Irache Echeverría Alfredo A. Benito Idoia Glaria Julio Benavides Valentín Pérez Damián de Andrés Ramsés Reina |
spellingShingle |
Hugo Ramírez Irache Echeverría Alfredo A. Benito Idoia Glaria Julio Benavides Valentín Pérez Damián de Andrés Ramsés Reina Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping Pathogens small ruminant lentiviruses TMEM154 ELISA PCR |
author_facet |
Hugo Ramírez Irache Echeverría Alfredo A. Benito Idoia Glaria Julio Benavides Valentín Pérez Damián de Andrés Ramsés Reina |
author_sort |
Hugo Ramírez |
title |
Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping |
title_short |
Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping |
title_full |
Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping |
title_fullStr |
Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping |
title_full_unstemmed |
Accurate Diagnosis of Small Ruminant Lentivirus Infection Is Needed for Selection of Resistant Sheep through TMEM154 E35K Genotyping |
title_sort |
accurate diagnosis of small ruminant lentivirus infection is needed for selection of resistant sheep through tmem154 e35k genotyping |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) cause an incurable multiorganic disease widely spread in sheep and goats that disturbs animal welfare and production. In the absence of a vaccine, control measures have been traditionally based on early diagnosis and breeding with virus-inactivated colostrum with segregation of seropositive animals. However, antigenic heterogeneity, poor antibody production due to low viral load, and single strain design of most available ELISA, pose a threat to SRLV diagnosis. Genome-wide association studies have described TMEM154 E35K polymorphism as a good genetic marker for selection of resistant animals in some American and European breeds. In this study, a multitargeted serological and virological screening of more than 500 animals from four different breeds (latxa, raza Navarra, assaf, and churra) attending to SRLV infection status was performed. Then, animals were genotyped to characterize TMEM154 E35K polymorphism. ELISA procedures, individually considered, only identified a proportion of the seropositive animals, and PCR detected a fraction of seronegative animals, globally offering different animal classifications according to SRLV infection status. TMEM154 allele frequency differed substantially among breeds and a positive association between seroprevalence and TMEM154 genotype was found only in one breed. Selection based on TMEM154 may be suitable for specific ovine breeds or SRLV strains, however generalization to the whole SRLV genetic spectrum, ovine breeds, or epidemiological situation may need further validation. |
topic |
small ruminant lentiviruses TMEM154 ELISA PCR |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/1/83 |
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