Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal gland with a high rate of mortality if diagnosed at a late stage. Common symptoms of pheochromocytoma include headache, anxiety, palpitation, and diaphoresis. Different treatments are under observation for PCC but there is still no...
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doaj-60a237c80a5d4c84922a41ff8809db532021-06-21T10:49:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922021-06-011210.3389/fendo.2021.605797605797Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of PheochromocytomaUmair Ali Khan Saddozai0Fengling Wang1Muhammad Usman Akbar2Lu Zhang3Yang An4Wan Zhu5Longxiang Xie6Yongqiang Li7Xinying Ji8Xiangqian Guo9Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaGomal Center of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, PakistanDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Anesthesia, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United StatesDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Cell Signal Transduction Laboratory, Bioinformatics Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaPheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal gland with a high rate of mortality if diagnosed at a late stage. Common symptoms of pheochromocytoma include headache, anxiety, palpitation, and diaphoresis. Different treatments are under observation for PCC but there is still no effective treatment option. Recently, the gene expression profiling of various tumors has provided new subtype-specific options for targeted therapies. In this study, using data sets from TCGA and the GSE19422 cohorts, we identified two distinct PCC subtypes with distinct gene expression patterns. Genes enriched in Subtype I PCCs were involved in the dopaminergic synapse, nicotine addiction, and long-term depression pathways, while genes enriched in subtype II PCCs were involved in protein digestion and absorption, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and ECM receptor interaction pathways. We further identified subtype specific genes such as ALK, IGF1R, RET, and RSPO2 for subtype I and EGFR, ESR1, and SMO for subtype II, the overexpression of which led to cell invasion and tumorigenesis. These genes identified in the present research may serve as potential subtype-specific therapeutic targets to understand the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Our findings may further guide towards the development of targeted therapies and potential molecular biomarkers against PCC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.605797/fullpheochromocytomaprognosismolecular subtypemutationsubtype specific treatment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Umair Ali Khan Saddozai Fengling Wang Muhammad Usman Akbar Lu Zhang Yang An Wan Zhu Longxiang Xie Yongqiang Li Xinying Ji Xiangqian Guo |
spellingShingle |
Umair Ali Khan Saddozai Fengling Wang Muhammad Usman Akbar Lu Zhang Yang An Wan Zhu Longxiang Xie Yongqiang Li Xinying Ji Xiangqian Guo Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma Frontiers in Endocrinology pheochromocytoma prognosis molecular subtype mutation subtype specific treatment |
author_facet |
Umair Ali Khan Saddozai Fengling Wang Muhammad Usman Akbar Lu Zhang Yang An Wan Zhu Longxiang Xie Yongqiang Li Xinying Ji Xiangqian Guo |
author_sort |
Umair Ali Khan Saddozai |
title |
Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma |
title_short |
Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma |
title_full |
Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma |
title_fullStr |
Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma |
title_full_unstemmed |
Identification of Clinical Relevant Molecular Subtypes of Pheochromocytoma |
title_sort |
identification of clinical relevant molecular subtypes of pheochromocytoma |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Endocrinology |
issn |
1664-2392 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Pheochromocytoma (PCC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal gland with a high rate of mortality if diagnosed at a late stage. Common symptoms of pheochromocytoma include headache, anxiety, palpitation, and diaphoresis. Different treatments are under observation for PCC but there is still no effective treatment option. Recently, the gene expression profiling of various tumors has provided new subtype-specific options for targeted therapies. In this study, using data sets from TCGA and the GSE19422 cohorts, we identified two distinct PCC subtypes with distinct gene expression patterns. Genes enriched in Subtype I PCCs were involved in the dopaminergic synapse, nicotine addiction, and long-term depression pathways, while genes enriched in subtype II PCCs were involved in protein digestion and absorption, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and ECM receptor interaction pathways. We further identified subtype specific genes such as ALK, IGF1R, RET, and RSPO2 for subtype I and EGFR, ESR1, and SMO for subtype II, the overexpression of which led to cell invasion and tumorigenesis. These genes identified in the present research may serve as potential subtype-specific therapeutic targets to understand the underlying mechanisms of tumorigenesis. Our findings may further guide towards the development of targeted therapies and potential molecular biomarkers against PCC. |
topic |
pheochromocytoma prognosis molecular subtype mutation subtype specific treatment |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.605797/full |
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