Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance

Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis negative feedback and cognitive dysfunction, resembling those abnormalities linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). Objectives: We aimed to assess the potential modulating effects of MDD...

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Main Authors: Neus Salvat-Pujol, Javier Labad, Mikel Urretavizcaya, Aida de Arriba-Arnau, Cinto Segalàs, Eva Real, Alex Ferrer, José M. Crespo, Susana Jiménez-Murcia, Carles Soriano-Mas, José M. Menchón, Virginia Soria
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2021-01-01
Series:European Journal of Psychotraumatology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1857955
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spelling doaj-60caf1e6867c46acaebc1437876c14e52021-06-25T11:10:04ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEuropean Journal of Psychotraumatology2000-80662021-01-0112110.1080/20008198.2020.18579551857955Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performanceNeus Salvat-Pujol0Javier Labad1Mikel Urretavizcaya2Aida de Arriba-Arnau3Cinto Segalàs4Eva Real5Alex Ferrer6José M. Crespo7Susana Jiménez-Murcia8Carles Soriano-Mas9José M. Menchón10Virginia Soria11Neurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthCarlos III Health InstituteNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthNeurosciences Group - Psychiatry and Mental HealthBackground: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis negative feedback and cognitive dysfunction, resembling those abnormalities linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). Objectives: We aimed to assess the potential modulating effects of MDD diagnosis or HPA axis function in the association between different types of CM and cognitive performance in adulthood. Methods: Sixty-eight MDD patients and 87 healthy controls were recruited. CM was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We obtained three latent variables for neuropsychological performance (verbal memory, visual memory and executive function/processing speed) after running a confirmatory factor analysis with cognitive tests applied. Dexamethasone suppression test ratio (DSTR) was performed using dexamethasone 0.25 mg. Results: Different types of CM had different effects on cognition, modulated by MDD diagnosis and HPA axis function. Individuals with physical maltreatment and MDD presented with enhanced cognition in certain domains. The DSTR differentially modulated the association between visual memory and physical neglect or sexual abuse. Conclusions: HPA axis-related neurobiological mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment might differ depending upon the type of CM. Our results suggest a need for early assessment and intervention on cognition and resilience mechanisms in individuals exposed to CM to minimize its deleterious and lasting effects.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1857955childhood abusechildhood neglectcortisolhpa axisdexamethasone suppression testcognitionmemorymajor depression
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Neus Salvat-Pujol
Javier Labad
Mikel Urretavizcaya
Aida de Arriba-Arnau
Cinto Segalàs
Eva Real
Alex Ferrer
José M. Crespo
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
Carles Soriano-Mas
José M. Menchón
Virginia Soria
spellingShingle Neus Salvat-Pujol
Javier Labad
Mikel Urretavizcaya
Aida de Arriba-Arnau
Cinto Segalàs
Eva Real
Alex Ferrer
José M. Crespo
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
Carles Soriano-Mas
José M. Menchón
Virginia Soria
Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
childhood abuse
childhood neglect
cortisol
hpa axis
dexamethasone suppression test
cognition
memory
major depression
author_facet Neus Salvat-Pujol
Javier Labad
Mikel Urretavizcaya
Aida de Arriba-Arnau
Cinto Segalàs
Eva Real
Alex Ferrer
José M. Crespo
Susana Jiménez-Murcia
Carles Soriano-Mas
José M. Menchón
Virginia Soria
author_sort Neus Salvat-Pujol
title Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
title_short Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
title_full Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
title_fullStr Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
title_full_unstemmed Childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
title_sort childhood maltreatment interacts with hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis negative feedback and major depression: effects on cognitive performance
publisher Taylor & Francis Group
series European Journal of Psychotraumatology
issn 2000-8066
publishDate 2021-01-01
description Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is associated with impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis negative feedback and cognitive dysfunction, resembling those abnormalities linked to major depressive disorder (MDD). Objectives: We aimed to assess the potential modulating effects of MDD diagnosis or HPA axis function in the association between different types of CM and cognitive performance in adulthood. Methods: Sixty-eight MDD patients and 87 healthy controls were recruited. CM was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. We obtained three latent variables for neuropsychological performance (verbal memory, visual memory and executive function/processing speed) after running a confirmatory factor analysis with cognitive tests applied. Dexamethasone suppression test ratio (DSTR) was performed using dexamethasone 0.25 mg. Results: Different types of CM had different effects on cognition, modulated by MDD diagnosis and HPA axis function. Individuals with physical maltreatment and MDD presented with enhanced cognition in certain domains. The DSTR differentially modulated the association between visual memory and physical neglect or sexual abuse. Conclusions: HPA axis-related neurobiological mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment might differ depending upon the type of CM. Our results suggest a need for early assessment and intervention on cognition and resilience mechanisms in individuals exposed to CM to minimize its deleterious and lasting effects.
topic childhood abuse
childhood neglect
cortisol
hpa axis
dexamethasone suppression test
cognition
memory
major depression
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20008198.2020.1857955
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