Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe
Europe's forests provide vital habitat for biodiversity and essential ecosystem services whose provision must be sustained or enhanced over the coming century. However, the potential to secure or increase forest ecosystem services, while securing the habitat requirements of taxa remains unclear...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-10-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.547696/full |
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doaj-61252409a99d44b5b765654f5c6f47a2 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Peter Biber Adam Felton Maarten Nieuwenhuis Matts Lindbladh Kevin Black Ján Bahýl' Özkan Bingöl José G. Borges Brigite Botequim Vilis Brukas Miguel N. Bugalho Giulia Corradini Ljusk Ola Eriksson Nicklas Forsell Geerten M. Hengeveld Marjanke A. Hoogstra-Klein Ali İhsan Kadıoǧulları Uzay Karahalil Isak Lodin Anders Lundholm Ekaterina Makrickienė Mauro Masiero Gintautas Mozgeris Nerijus Pivoriūnas Werner Poschenrieder Hans Pretzsch Róbert Sedmák Ján Tuček |
spellingShingle |
Peter Biber Adam Felton Maarten Nieuwenhuis Matts Lindbladh Kevin Black Ján Bahýl' Özkan Bingöl José G. Borges Brigite Botequim Vilis Brukas Miguel N. Bugalho Giulia Corradini Ljusk Ola Eriksson Nicklas Forsell Geerten M. Hengeveld Marjanke A. Hoogstra-Klein Ali İhsan Kadıoǧulları Uzay Karahalil Isak Lodin Anders Lundholm Ekaterina Makrickienė Mauro Masiero Gintautas Mozgeris Nerijus Pivoriūnas Werner Poschenrieder Hans Pretzsch Róbert Sedmák Ján Tuček Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution ecosystem services biodiversity wood production carbon sequestration forest management sustainability |
author_facet |
Peter Biber Adam Felton Maarten Nieuwenhuis Matts Lindbladh Kevin Black Ján Bahýl' Özkan Bingöl José G. Borges Brigite Botequim Vilis Brukas Miguel N. Bugalho Giulia Corradini Ljusk Ola Eriksson Nicklas Forsell Geerten M. Hengeveld Marjanke A. Hoogstra-Klein Ali İhsan Kadıoǧulları Uzay Karahalil Isak Lodin Anders Lundholm Ekaterina Makrickienė Mauro Masiero Gintautas Mozgeris Nerijus Pivoriūnas Werner Poschenrieder Hans Pretzsch Róbert Sedmák Ján Tuček |
author_sort |
Peter Biber |
title |
Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe |
title_short |
Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe |
title_full |
Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe |
title_fullStr |
Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe |
title_full_unstemmed |
Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across Europe |
title_sort |
forest biodiversity, carbon sequestration, and wood production: modeling synergies and trade-offs for ten forest landscapes across europe |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
issn |
2296-701X |
publishDate |
2020-10-01 |
description |
Europe's forests provide vital habitat for biodiversity and essential ecosystem services whose provision must be sustained or enhanced over the coming century. However, the potential to secure or increase forest ecosystem services, while securing the habitat requirements of taxa remains unclear, especially within the context of uncertain climate and socio-economic developments. To tease out the associated trade-offs and synergies, we used 10 case study landscapes within nine countries throughout Europe. Starting with the current status of the forests in the case study landscapes, we simulated forest development 100 years into the future. Simulations were embedded in three combined climate and socio-economic frame scenarios based on global and European policies which varied in their climate change mitigation efficiency. Scenarios were translated into country specific projections of climate variables, and resultant demands for wood products. Forest management regimes were projected to vary in response to these scenarios at local scales. The specific combinations of alternative forest management practices were based on parallel research and input from local forest stakeholders. For each case study, a specific forest growth simulator was used. In general, the climate scenarios applied did not cause fundamentally different ecosystem service outputs at the case study level. Our results revealed almost no reduction in outcomes for biodiversity indicators with an increase in wood production, and in some cases synergistic results occurred when diversity was actively promoted as part of the management concept. Net carbon uptake was not strongly correlated with biodiversity, indicating that biodiversity-friendly forest management doesn't need to curtail carbon sequestration. Notably, we obtained heterogeneous results for the relation between sustainable wood production and net carbon uptake. Most scenarios resulted in a more or less reduced net carbon uptake over the long term, often due to stand age class distribution shifts. Levels of sustainable wood production varied widely during the simulation period, from significant increases (Sweden, Lithuania) to minor changes (Slovakia, Turkey) and slight decreases (Ireland, Netherlands). We place our results within the larger context of European forest policy and the challenges of simulating and contrasting forest biodiversity and the ecosystem services that societies depend on. |
topic |
ecosystem services biodiversity wood production carbon sequestration forest management sustainability |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.547696/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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doaj-61252409a99d44b5b765654f5c6f47a22020-11-25T03:41:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2020-10-01810.3389/fevo.2020.547696547696Forest Biodiversity, Carbon Sequestration, and Wood Production: Modeling Synergies and Trade-Offs for Ten Forest Landscapes Across EuropePeter Biber0Adam Felton1Maarten Nieuwenhuis2Matts Lindbladh3Kevin Black4Ján Bahýl'5Özkan Bingöl6José G. Borges7Brigite Botequim8Vilis Brukas9Miguel N. Bugalho10Giulia Corradini11Ljusk Ola Eriksson12Nicklas Forsell13Geerten M. Hengeveld14Marjanke A. Hoogstra-Klein15Ali İhsan Kadıoǧulları16Uzay Karahalil17Isak Lodin18Anders Lundholm19Ekaterina Makrickienė20Mauro Masiero21Gintautas Mozgeris22Nerijus Pivoriūnas23Werner Poschenrieder24Hans Pretzsch25Róbert Sedmák26Ján Tuček27Chair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, GermanySouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – SLU, Alnarp, SwedenSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, IrelandSouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – SLU, Alnarp, SwedenForestry Division, FERS Ltd, Dublin, IrelandFaculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, SlovakiaDepartment of Software Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Gümüşhane University, Gümüşhane, TurkeyForest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, PortugalForest Research Centre, School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, PortugalSouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – SLU, Alnarp, SwedenCentre for Applied Ecology (CEABN-InBIO), School of Agriculture, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Legnaro, ItalySouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – SLU, Alnarp, Sweden0International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria1Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands1Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands2Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey3Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, TurkeySouthern Swedish Forest Research Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences – SLU, Alnarp, SwedenSchool of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland4Institute of Forest Management and Wood Science, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Land, Environment, Agriculture and Forestry, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy4Institute of Forest Management and Wood Science, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania4Institute of Forest Management and Wood Science, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, LithuaniaChair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, GermanyChair of Forest Growth and Yield Science, Technical University of Munich, Freising, GermanyFaculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, SlovakiaFaculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, Zvolen, SlovakiaEurope's forests provide vital habitat for biodiversity and essential ecosystem services whose provision must be sustained or enhanced over the coming century. However, the potential to secure or increase forest ecosystem services, while securing the habitat requirements of taxa remains unclear, especially within the context of uncertain climate and socio-economic developments. To tease out the associated trade-offs and synergies, we used 10 case study landscapes within nine countries throughout Europe. Starting with the current status of the forests in the case study landscapes, we simulated forest development 100 years into the future. Simulations were embedded in three combined climate and socio-economic frame scenarios based on global and European policies which varied in their climate change mitigation efficiency. Scenarios were translated into country specific projections of climate variables, and resultant demands for wood products. Forest management regimes were projected to vary in response to these scenarios at local scales. The specific combinations of alternative forest management practices were based on parallel research and input from local forest stakeholders. For each case study, a specific forest growth simulator was used. In general, the climate scenarios applied did not cause fundamentally different ecosystem service outputs at the case study level. Our results revealed almost no reduction in outcomes for biodiversity indicators with an increase in wood production, and in some cases synergistic results occurred when diversity was actively promoted as part of the management concept. Net carbon uptake was not strongly correlated with biodiversity, indicating that biodiversity-friendly forest management doesn't need to curtail carbon sequestration. Notably, we obtained heterogeneous results for the relation between sustainable wood production and net carbon uptake. Most scenarios resulted in a more or less reduced net carbon uptake over the long term, often due to stand age class distribution shifts. Levels of sustainable wood production varied widely during the simulation period, from significant increases (Sweden, Lithuania) to minor changes (Slovakia, Turkey) and slight decreases (Ireland, Netherlands). We place our results within the larger context of European forest policy and the challenges of simulating and contrasting forest biodiversity and the ecosystem services that societies depend on.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.547696/fullecosystem servicesbiodiversitywood productioncarbon sequestrationforest managementsustainability |