| Summary: | Background: Water pipe (WP) tobacco smoking is gaining wide popularity among young and middle aged males and females.
Aim of the work: The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of 1st pipe water smoking on brachial Flow mediated dilatation% (FMD%) and Nitrate mediated dilatation% (NMD%) as markers of systemic endothelial function.
Methods: The present study comprised of 40 young healthy volunteers with no cardiovascular risk factors (the mean age 28 ± 5 years, males) randomized to either smoking (cigarette or pipe water) or not smoking in a crossover fashion. All the participants underwent a physical examination, laboratory analysis, Standard echocardiography, brachial artery FMD% = [(Dmax–Dbase)/Dbase] multiplied by 100 (%). and endothelium independent dilation (NMD%) = [(DNTG-Dbase)/Dbase] multiplied by 100 (%) were assessed with a high-resolution ultrasound probe and the arterial diameters before smoking, just after smoking, 1 h and 2 h after obtained.
Results: FMD% after 1 h of both water pipe and cigarette were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than FMD% of the base – line and normalized after 2 h. No differences in median NMD % values (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Our findings confirm that even one time pipe water smoking is associated with systemic endothelial dysfunction comparable to cigarette smoking in young non-smoker volunteers with no cardiovascular disorders or risk factors.
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