Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate
Abstract Reproductive mode, ancestry, and climate are hypothesized to determine body size variation in reptiles but their effects have rarely been estimated simultaneously, especially at the intraspecific level. The common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) occupies almost the entire Northern Eurasia and inc...
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doaj-614d4b1dbd254b478544c712418108732021-04-02T14:34:55ZengWileyEcology and Evolution2045-77582020-06-0110114531456110.1002/ece3.6077Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climateEvgeny S. Roitberg0Valentina F. Orlova1Nina A. Bulakhova2Valentina N. Kuranova3Galina V. Eplanova4Oleksandr I. Zinenko5Oscar Arribas6Lukáš Kratochvíl7Katarina Ljubisavljević8Vladimir P. Starikov9Henk Strijbosch10Sylvia Hofmann11Olga A. Leontyeva12Wolfgang Böhme13Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn GermanyZoological Research Museum Moscow M.V. Lomonosov State University Moscow RussiaInstitute of Biological Problems of the North Magadan RussiaDepartment of Vertebrate Zoology and Ecology Tomsk State University Tomsk RussiaInstitute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin Togliatti RussiaMuseum of Nature V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Kharkiv UkraineAvda. Francisco Cambó 23, 08003 Barcelona SpainDepartment of Ecology Charles University Prague Czech RepublicInstitute for Biological ResearchUniversity of Belgrade Belgrade SerbiaDepartment of Biology and Biotechnology Surgut State University Surgut RussiaRAVON Radboud University BK Nijmegen The NetherlandsHelmholtz‐Centre for Environmental Research – UfZ Leipzig GermanyDepartment of Biogeography Moscow M. V. Lomonosov State University Moscow RussiaZoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn GermanyAbstract Reproductive mode, ancestry, and climate are hypothesized to determine body size variation in reptiles but their effects have rarely been estimated simultaneously, especially at the intraspecific level. The common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) occupies almost the entire Northern Eurasia and includes viviparous and oviparous lineages, thus representing an excellent model for such studies. Using body length data for >10,000 individuals from 72 geographically distinct populations over the species' range, we analyzed how sex‐specific adult body size and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is associated with reproductive mode, lineage identity, and several climatic variables. Variation in male size was low and poorly explained by our predictors. In contrast, female size and SSD varied considerably, demonstrating significant effects of reproductive mode and particularly seasonality. Populations of the western oviparous lineage (northern Spain, south‐western France) exhibited a smaller female size and less female‐biased SSD than those of the western viviparous (France to Eastern Europe) and the eastern viviparous (Eastern Europe to Far East) lineages; this pattern persisted even after controlling for climatic effects. The phenotypic response to seasonality was complex: across the lineages, as well as within the eastern viviparous lineage, female size and SSD increase with increasing seasonality, whereas the western viviparous lineage followed the opposing trends. Altogether, viviparous populations seem to follow a saw‐tooth geographic cline, which might reflect the nonmonotonic relationship of body size at maturity in females with the length of activity season. This relationship is predicted to arise in perennial ectotherms as a response to environmental constraints caused by seasonality of growth and reproduction. The SSD allometry followed the converse of Rensch's rule, a rare pattern for amniotes. Our results provide the first evidence of opposing body size—climate relationships in intraspecific units.https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6077Bergmann's ruleecogeographic body size clineslife‐historylizardsRensch's ruleZootoca vivipara |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Evgeny S. Roitberg Valentina F. Orlova Nina A. Bulakhova Valentina N. Kuranova Galina V. Eplanova Oleksandr I. Zinenko Oscar Arribas Lukáš Kratochvíl Katarina Ljubisavljević Vladimir P. Starikov Henk Strijbosch Sylvia Hofmann Olga A. Leontyeva Wolfgang Böhme |
spellingShingle |
Evgeny S. Roitberg Valentina F. Orlova Nina A. Bulakhova Valentina N. Kuranova Galina V. Eplanova Oleksandr I. Zinenko Oscar Arribas Lukáš Kratochvíl Katarina Ljubisavljević Vladimir P. Starikov Henk Strijbosch Sylvia Hofmann Olga A. Leontyeva Wolfgang Böhme Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate Ecology and Evolution Bergmann's rule ecogeographic body size clines life‐history lizards Rensch's rule Zootoca vivipara |
author_facet |
Evgeny S. Roitberg Valentina F. Orlova Nina A. Bulakhova Valentina N. Kuranova Galina V. Eplanova Oleksandr I. Zinenko Oscar Arribas Lukáš Kratochvíl Katarina Ljubisavljević Vladimir P. Starikov Henk Strijbosch Sylvia Hofmann Olga A. Leontyeva Wolfgang Böhme |
author_sort |
Evgeny S. Roitberg |
title |
Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
title_short |
Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
title_full |
Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
title_fullStr |
Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
title_full_unstemmed |
Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
title_sort |
variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism in the most widely ranging lizard: testing the effects of reproductive mode and climate |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Ecology and Evolution |
issn |
2045-7758 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Abstract Reproductive mode, ancestry, and climate are hypothesized to determine body size variation in reptiles but their effects have rarely been estimated simultaneously, especially at the intraspecific level. The common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) occupies almost the entire Northern Eurasia and includes viviparous and oviparous lineages, thus representing an excellent model for such studies. Using body length data for >10,000 individuals from 72 geographically distinct populations over the species' range, we analyzed how sex‐specific adult body size and sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is associated with reproductive mode, lineage identity, and several climatic variables. Variation in male size was low and poorly explained by our predictors. In contrast, female size and SSD varied considerably, demonstrating significant effects of reproductive mode and particularly seasonality. Populations of the western oviparous lineage (northern Spain, south‐western France) exhibited a smaller female size and less female‐biased SSD than those of the western viviparous (France to Eastern Europe) and the eastern viviparous (Eastern Europe to Far East) lineages; this pattern persisted even after controlling for climatic effects. The phenotypic response to seasonality was complex: across the lineages, as well as within the eastern viviparous lineage, female size and SSD increase with increasing seasonality, whereas the western viviparous lineage followed the opposing trends. Altogether, viviparous populations seem to follow a saw‐tooth geographic cline, which might reflect the nonmonotonic relationship of body size at maturity in females with the length of activity season. This relationship is predicted to arise in perennial ectotherms as a response to environmental constraints caused by seasonality of growth and reproduction. The SSD allometry followed the converse of Rensch's rule, a rare pattern for amniotes. Our results provide the first evidence of opposing body size—climate relationships in intraspecific units. |
topic |
Bergmann's rule ecogeographic body size clines life‐history lizards Rensch's rule Zootoca vivipara |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.6077 |
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