Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface

Spacers are important components in reinforced concrete structures to provide cover between the steel reinforcement and the formwork. Cementitious spacers are of particular interest for coastal engineering structures, as they are compatible with cement-based chloride-resistant high-performance concr...

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Main Authors:	Yibo Yang, Chen Huang, Wenying Guo, Hui Zhao, Zhenjie Li, Jiankuan Li, Jianyong Bao, Hengchang Wang
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2020-07-01
Series:	Applied Sciences
Subjects:	surface treatment cementitious spacer chloride resistance concrete
Online Access:	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5196

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spelling	doaj-615f3d12aa324ca6ac1177691099c5452020-11-25T03:01:46ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-07-01105196519610.3390/app10155196Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete InterfaceYibo Yang0Chen Huang1Wenying Guo2Hui Zhao3Zhenjie Li4Jiankuan Li5Jianyong Bao6Hengchang Wang7School of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaDepartment of Civil, Geomatic and Environmental Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaGuangzhou Hanhua Architects + Engineers Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510655, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Transportation, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaSpacers are important components in reinforced concrete structures to provide cover between the steel reinforcement and the formwork. Cementitious spacers are of particular interest for coastal engineering structures, as they are compatible with cement-based chloride-resistant high-performance concrete compared to plastic and steel spacers. However, the cementitious spacer–concrete interface was found to be highly porous and microcracked. This study investigated the effect of surface treatment on the chloride ion transport at the cementitious spacer–concrete interface. A surface treatment technique for potential mass production was introduced and the state-of-practice tests of the hardened concrete were modified to evaluate the performance of the spacer–concrete composite specimens. The results showed that the surface treatment on a cementitious spacer improved the bonding between the spacer and concrete at the interface. The surface treatment of the spacer improved the compressive strength and the chloride resistance of the composite specimen locally compared to those without surface treatment. The advantage of surface treatment on the chloride resistance was partially represented in either the diffusion coefficient or the column electric flux. The maximum chloride ion penetration depth at the spacer–concrete interface was recommended as an additional proxy for the evaluation of the chloride resistance performance of composite specimens.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5196surface treatmentcementitious spacerchloride resistanceconcrete
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Yibo Yang Chen Huang Wenying Guo Hui Zhao Zhenjie Li Jiankuan Li Jianyong Bao Hengchang Wang
spellingShingle	Yibo Yang Chen Huang Wenying Guo Hui Zhao Zhenjie Li Jiankuan Li Jianyong Bao Hengchang Wang Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface Applied Sciences surface treatment cementitious spacer chloride resistance concrete
author_facet	Yibo Yang Chen Huang Wenying Guo Hui Zhao Zhenjie Li Jiankuan Li Jianyong Bao Hengchang Wang
author_sort	Yibo Yang
title	Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface
title_short	Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface
title_full	Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface
title_fullStr	Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface
title_full_unstemmed	Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface
title_sort	study of the effect of surface treatment on the chloride ion transport at the cementitious spacer–concrete interface
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Applied Sciences
issn	2076-3417
publishDate	2020-07-01
description	Spacers are important components in reinforced concrete structures to provide cover between the steel reinforcement and the formwork. Cementitious spacers are of particular interest for coastal engineering structures, as they are compatible with cement-based chloride-resistant high-performance concrete compared to plastic and steel spacers. However, the cementitious spacer–concrete interface was found to be highly porous and microcracked. This study investigated the effect of surface treatment on the chloride ion transport at the cementitious spacer–concrete interface. A surface treatment technique for potential mass production was introduced and the state-of-practice tests of the hardened concrete were modified to evaluate the performance of the spacer–concrete composite specimens. The results showed that the surface treatment on a cementitious spacer improved the bonding between the spacer and concrete at the interface. The surface treatment of the spacer improved the compressive strength and the chloride resistance of the composite specimen locally compared to those without surface treatment. The advantage of surface treatment on the chloride resistance was partially represented in either the diffusion coefficient or the column electric flux. The maximum chloride ion penetration depth at the spacer–concrete interface was recommended as an additional proxy for the evaluation of the chloride resistance performance of composite specimens.
topic	surface treatment cementitious spacer chloride resistance concrete
url	https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/15/5196
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Study of the Effect of Surface Treatment on the Chloride Ion Transport at the Cementitious Spacer–Concrete Interface

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