Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs

The Gulf of Papagayo, Pacific coast of Costa Rica, is one of the three seasonal upwelling areas of Mesoamerica. In April 2009, a 29-hour experiment was carried out at the pier of the Marina Papagayo, Culebra Bay. We determined sea surface temperature (SST), dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity,...

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Main Authors: Tim Rixen, Carlos Jiménez, Jorge Cortés
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Vicerractoría Investigación 2012-04-01
Series:Revista de Biología Tropical
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000600013
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spelling doaj-61899bd998d04b979f80cd308fd1774a2020-11-24T23:10:38ZengVicerractoría InvestigaciónRevista de Biología Tropical0034-77442215-20752012-04-0160187195Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefsTim RixenCarlos JiménezJorge CortésThe Gulf of Papagayo, Pacific coast of Costa Rica, is one of the three seasonal upwelling areas of Mesoamerica. In April 2009, a 29-hour experiment was carried out at the pier of the Marina Papagayo, Culebra Bay. We determined sea surface temperature (SST), dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, pH, and the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). The aragonite saturation state (&#937;a) as well as the other parameters of the marine carbonate system such as the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the total alkalinity (TA) were calculated based on the measured pH and the pCO2. The entrainment of subsurface waters raised the pCO2 up to 645 µatm. SSTs, dissolved oxygen concentrations decreased form 26.4 to 23.7°C and from 228 to 144 µmol l-1. &#937;a dropped down to values of 2.1. Although these changes are assumed to reduce the coral growth, the main reef building coral species within the region (Pocillopora spp. and Pavona clavus) reveal growth rates exceeding those measured at other sites in the eastern tropical Pacific. This implies that the negative impact of upwelling on coral growth might be overcompensated by an enhanced energy supply caused by the high density of food and nutrients and more favorable condition for coral growth during the non-upwelling season.<br>El Golfo de Papagayo, costa Pacífica de Costa Rica, es una de las tres regiones de afloramiento estacional de Mesoamérica. Las características físicas y químicas del agua que aflora no habían sido estudiadas. Durante 29 horas en Abril 2009, se estudiaron la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM), la concentración de oxígeno disuelto, salinidad, pH y la presión parcial de CO2 (pCO2), en la Marina Papagayo, Bahía Culebra. Con base en las mediciones de pH y pCO2 se calculó el estado de saturación de la aragonita (&#937;) y otros parámetros del sistema de carbonatos como lo es el carbono orgánico disuelto (COD) y la alcalinidad total (AT). Los resultados indican que el arrastre por convección del agua sub-superficial durante los eventos de afloramiento aumenta la pCO2 y disminuye la TSM, la concentración de oxígeno disuelto y &#937;. Aunque se asume que estas condiciones reducen el crecimiento coralino, las principales especies constructoras de arrecife en la región de Papagayo (Pocillopora spp. y Pavona clavus) tienen las mayores tasas de crecimiento en el Pacífico Tropical Oriental. Esto posiblemente implica que el efecto negativo del afloramiento es compensado por el crecimiento durante la época de no afloramiento.http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000600013pCO2dissolved oxygenupwellingGulf of Papagayoaragonite saturation stateCosta Ricacorals
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Tim Rixen
Carlos Jiménez
Jorge Cortés
spellingShingle Tim Rixen
Carlos Jiménez
Jorge Cortés
Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
Revista de Biología Tropical
pCO2
dissolved oxygen
upwelling
Gulf of Papagayo
aragonite saturation state
Costa Rica
corals
author_facet Tim Rixen
Carlos Jiménez
Jorge Cortés
author_sort Tim Rixen
title Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
title_short Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
title_full Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
title_fullStr Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
title_full_unstemmed Impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the Gulf of Papagayo (Culebra Bay), Costa Rica: Implications for coral reefs
title_sort impact of upwelling events on the sea water carbonate chemistry and dissolved oxygen concentration in the gulf of papagayo (culebra bay), costa rica: implications for coral reefs
publisher Vicerractoría Investigación
series Revista de Biología Tropical
issn 0034-7744
2215-2075
publishDate 2012-04-01
description The Gulf of Papagayo, Pacific coast of Costa Rica, is one of the three seasonal upwelling areas of Mesoamerica. In April 2009, a 29-hour experiment was carried out at the pier of the Marina Papagayo, Culebra Bay. We determined sea surface temperature (SST), dissolved oxygen concentration, salinity, pH, and the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2). The aragonite saturation state (&#937;a) as well as the other parameters of the marine carbonate system such as the total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and the total alkalinity (TA) were calculated based on the measured pH and the pCO2. The entrainment of subsurface waters raised the pCO2 up to 645 µatm. SSTs, dissolved oxygen concentrations decreased form 26.4 to 23.7°C and from 228 to 144 µmol l-1. &#937;a dropped down to values of 2.1. Although these changes are assumed to reduce the coral growth, the main reef building coral species within the region (Pocillopora spp. and Pavona clavus) reveal growth rates exceeding those measured at other sites in the eastern tropical Pacific. This implies that the negative impact of upwelling on coral growth might be overcompensated by an enhanced energy supply caused by the high density of food and nutrients and more favorable condition for coral growth during the non-upwelling season.<br>El Golfo de Papagayo, costa Pacífica de Costa Rica, es una de las tres regiones de afloramiento estacional de Mesoamérica. Las características físicas y químicas del agua que aflora no habían sido estudiadas. Durante 29 horas en Abril 2009, se estudiaron la temperatura superficial del mar (TSM), la concentración de oxígeno disuelto, salinidad, pH y la presión parcial de CO2 (pCO2), en la Marina Papagayo, Bahía Culebra. Con base en las mediciones de pH y pCO2 se calculó el estado de saturación de la aragonita (&#937;) y otros parámetros del sistema de carbonatos como lo es el carbono orgánico disuelto (COD) y la alcalinidad total (AT). Los resultados indican que el arrastre por convección del agua sub-superficial durante los eventos de afloramiento aumenta la pCO2 y disminuye la TSM, la concentración de oxígeno disuelto y &#937;. Aunque se asume que estas condiciones reducen el crecimiento coralino, las principales especies constructoras de arrecife en la región de Papagayo (Pocillopora spp. y Pavona clavus) tienen las mayores tasas de crecimiento en el Pacífico Tropical Oriental. Esto posiblemente implica que el efecto negativo del afloramiento es compensado por el crecimiento durante la época de no afloramiento.
topic pCO2
dissolved oxygen
upwelling
Gulf of Papagayo
aragonite saturation state
Costa Rica
corals
url http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-77442012000600013
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