Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites
The worldwide production of cement is growing every year due to its increased use in the construction. Cement production is affiliated with an environmental concern as it contributes to the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. It is imperative to reduce the cement production by incorporating supple...
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doaj-61ce6e92846143308f011a2ceda0edb62020-11-25T03:04:06ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172020-05-01103511351110.3390/app10103511Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement CompositesAbdul Qudoos0Ehsanullah Kakar1Atta ur Rehman2In Kyu Jeon3Hong Gi Kim4Department of Civil Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Khuzdar 89100, PakistanBalochistan University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Khuzdar 89100, PakistanDepartment of Civil Engineering, Balochistan University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Khuzdar 89100, PakistanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, KoreaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University Seoul 04763, KoreaThe worldwide production of cement is growing every year due to its increased use in the construction. Cement production is affiliated with an environmental concern as it contributes to the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. It is imperative to reduce the cement production by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials in the cement composites. In this research study, wheat straw ash (WSA) was used as an alternate of ordinary Portland cement. The ash was ground separately with a ball mill and a disintegrator mill as well as with a combination of both to enhance its pozzolanic efficiency. Mortar and paste specimens were made by substituting cement with WSA (20% by weight). Ash specimens were examined in terms of particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence analyses. The performance of the ash specimens in cement composites was examined via compressive and flexural strengths, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests. Isothermal calorimetric, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also employed on the specimens. The results revealed that the particle size of the wheat straw ash specimens significantly reduced and specific surface area enhanced when ground with a combination of both milling techniques. Cement composites made with this type of ash demonstrated improved mechanical and physical properties, accelerated hydration reaction at the early ages, reduce calcium hydroxide content at the later ages, and densified microstructure.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3511CO<sub>2</sub> emissionswheat straw ashmillingisothermal calorimetryThermogravimetric analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Abdul Qudoos Ehsanullah Kakar Atta ur Rehman In Kyu Jeon Hong Gi Kim |
spellingShingle |
Abdul Qudoos Ehsanullah Kakar Atta ur Rehman In Kyu Jeon Hong Gi Kim Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites Applied Sciences CO<sub>2</sub> emissions wheat straw ash milling isothermal calorimetry Thermogravimetric analysis |
author_facet |
Abdul Qudoos Ehsanullah Kakar Atta ur Rehman In Kyu Jeon Hong Gi Kim |
author_sort |
Abdul Qudoos |
title |
Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites |
title_short |
Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites |
title_full |
Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites |
title_fullStr |
Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of Milling Techniques on the Performance of Wheat Straw Ash in Cement Composites |
title_sort |
influence of milling techniques on the performance of wheat straw ash in cement composites |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Applied Sciences |
issn |
2076-3417 |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
The worldwide production of cement is growing every year due to its increased use in the construction. Cement production is affiliated with an environmental concern as it contributes to the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. It is imperative to reduce the cement production by incorporating supplementary cementitious materials in the cement composites. In this research study, wheat straw ash (WSA) was used as an alternate of ordinary Portland cement. The ash was ground separately with a ball mill and a disintegrator mill as well as with a combination of both to enhance its pozzolanic efficiency. Mortar and paste specimens were made by substituting cement with WSA (20% by weight). Ash specimens were examined in terms of particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray fluorescence analyses. The performance of the ash specimens in cement composites was examined via compressive and flexural strengths, and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests. Isothermal calorimetric, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also employed on the specimens. The results revealed that the particle size of the wheat straw ash specimens significantly reduced and specific surface area enhanced when ground with a combination of both milling techniques. Cement composites made with this type of ash demonstrated improved mechanical and physical properties, accelerated hydration reaction at the early ages, reduce calcium hydroxide content at the later ages, and densified microstructure. |
topic |
CO<sub>2</sub> emissions wheat straw ash milling isothermal calorimetry Thermogravimetric analysis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/10/3511 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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