An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans
Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it...
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doaj-629f4a5783e648a8a0eafecefbc342fc2021-05-05T21:21:20ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2020-07-01910.7554/eLife.55092An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humansJanna D Lendner0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1967-6110Randolph F Helfrich1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-3111Bryce A Mander2Luis Romundstad3Jack J Lin4Matthew P Walker5Pal G Larsson6Robert T Knight7Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, GermanyHertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Neurology and Epileptology, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, GermanyDepartment of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United StatesDepartment of Anesthesiology, University of Oslo Medical Center, Oslo, NorwayDepartment of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, United StatesHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States; Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United StatesDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Oslo Medical Center, Oslo, NorwayHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United States; Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, United StatesDeep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it is characterized by a desynchronized, ‘wake-like’ EEG. This observation implies that reduced arousal states are not necessarily only defined by synchronous oscillatory activity. Using intracranial and surface EEG recordings in four independent data sets, we demonstrate that the 1/f spectral slope of the electrophysiological power spectrum, which reflects the non-oscillatory, scale-free component of neural activity, delineates wakefulness from propofol anesthesia, NREM and REM sleep. Critically, the spectral slope discriminates wakefulness from REM sleep solely based on the neurophysiological brain state. Taken together, our findings describe a common electrophysiological marker that tracks states of reduced arousal, including different sleep stages as well as anesthesia in humans.https://elifesciences.org/articles/55092arousalintracranial electrophysiologysleepanesthesia1/f dynamics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Janna D Lendner Randolph F Helfrich Bryce A Mander Luis Romundstad Jack J Lin Matthew P Walker Pal G Larsson Robert T Knight |
spellingShingle |
Janna D Lendner Randolph F Helfrich Bryce A Mander Luis Romundstad Jack J Lin Matthew P Walker Pal G Larsson Robert T Knight An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans eLife arousal intracranial electrophysiology sleep anesthesia 1/f dynamics |
author_facet |
Janna D Lendner Randolph F Helfrich Bryce A Mander Luis Romundstad Jack J Lin Matthew P Walker Pal G Larsson Robert T Knight |
author_sort |
Janna D Lendner |
title |
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
title_short |
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
title_full |
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
title_fullStr |
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
title_full_unstemmed |
An electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
title_sort |
electrophysiological marker of arousal level in humans |
publisher |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
series |
eLife |
issn |
2050-084X |
publishDate |
2020-07-01 |
description |
Deep non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and general anesthesia with propofol are prominent states of reduced arousal linked to the occurrence of synchronized oscillations in the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is also associated with diminished arousal levels, it is characterized by a desynchronized, ‘wake-like’ EEG. This observation implies that reduced arousal states are not necessarily only defined by synchronous oscillatory activity. Using intracranial and surface EEG recordings in four independent data sets, we demonstrate that the 1/f spectral slope of the electrophysiological power spectrum, which reflects the non-oscillatory, scale-free component of neural activity, delineates wakefulness from propofol anesthesia, NREM and REM sleep. Critically, the spectral slope discriminates wakefulness from REM sleep solely based on the neurophysiological brain state. Taken together, our findings describe a common electrophysiological marker that tracks states of reduced arousal, including different sleep stages as well as anesthesia in humans. |
topic |
arousal intracranial electrophysiology sleep anesthesia 1/f dynamics |
url |
https://elifesciences.org/articles/55092 |
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