The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids
Mycoheterotrophic plants have lost the ability to photosynthesize and obtain essential mineral and organic nutrients from associated soil fungi. Despite involving radical changes in life history traits and ecological requirements, the transition from autotrophy to mycoheterotrophy has occurred indep...
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doaj-632f0a8f74a340b7b9789acc58f86f762021-06-09T06:46:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-06-011210.3389/fpls.2021.632033632033The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in OrchidsMarcin Jąkalski0Julita Minasiewicz1José Caius2José Caius3Michał May4Marc-André Selosse5Marc-André Selosse6Etienne Delannoy7Etienne Delannoy8Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Orsay, FranceUniversité de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, FranceDepartment of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, PolandSorbonne Université, CNRS, EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, Paris, FranceInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, Orsay, FranceUniversité de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Orsay, FranceMycoheterotrophic plants have lost the ability to photosynthesize and obtain essential mineral and organic nutrients from associated soil fungi. Despite involving radical changes in life history traits and ecological requirements, the transition from autotrophy to mycoheterotrophy has occurred independently in many major lineages of land plants, most frequently in Orchidaceae. Yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this shift are still poorly understood. A comparison of the transcriptomes of Epipogium aphyllum and Neottia nidus-avis, two completely mycoheterotrophic orchids, to other autotrophic and mycoheterotrophic orchids showed the unexpected retention of several genes associated with photosynthetic activities. In addition to these selected retentions, the analysis of their expression profiles showed that many orthologs had inverted underground/aboveground expression ratios compared to autotrophic species. Fatty acid and amino acid biosynthesis as well as primary cell wall metabolism were among the pathways most impacted by this expression reprogramming. Our study suggests that the shift in nutritional mode from autotrophy to mycoheterotrophy remodeled the architecture of the plant metabolism but was associated primarily with function losses rather than metabolic innovations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.632033/fullmycorrhizaphotosynthesismetabolic evolutionmycoheterotrophyorchidstranscriptome |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Marcin Jąkalski Julita Minasiewicz José Caius José Caius Michał May Marc-André Selosse Marc-André Selosse Etienne Delannoy Etienne Delannoy |
spellingShingle |
Marcin Jąkalski Julita Minasiewicz José Caius José Caius Michał May Marc-André Selosse Marc-André Selosse Etienne Delannoy Etienne Delannoy The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids Frontiers in Plant Science mycorrhiza photosynthesis metabolic evolution mycoheterotrophy orchids transcriptome |
author_facet |
Marcin Jąkalski Julita Minasiewicz José Caius José Caius Michał May Marc-André Selosse Marc-André Selosse Etienne Delannoy Etienne Delannoy |
author_sort |
Marcin Jąkalski |
title |
The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids |
title_short |
The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids |
title_full |
The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids |
title_fullStr |
The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Genomic Impact of Mycoheterotrophy in Orchids |
title_sort |
genomic impact of mycoheterotrophy in orchids |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Mycoheterotrophic plants have lost the ability to photosynthesize and obtain essential mineral and organic nutrients from associated soil fungi. Despite involving radical changes in life history traits and ecological requirements, the transition from autotrophy to mycoheterotrophy has occurred independently in many major lineages of land plants, most frequently in Orchidaceae. Yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this shift are still poorly understood. A comparison of the transcriptomes of Epipogium aphyllum and Neottia nidus-avis, two completely mycoheterotrophic orchids, to other autotrophic and mycoheterotrophic orchids showed the unexpected retention of several genes associated with photosynthetic activities. In addition to these selected retentions, the analysis of their expression profiles showed that many orthologs had inverted underground/aboveground expression ratios compared to autotrophic species. Fatty acid and amino acid biosynthesis as well as primary cell wall metabolism were among the pathways most impacted by this expression reprogramming. Our study suggests that the shift in nutritional mode from autotrophy to mycoheterotrophy remodeled the architecture of the plant metabolism but was associated primarily with function losses rather than metabolic innovations. |
topic |
mycorrhiza photosynthesis metabolic evolution mycoheterotrophy orchids transcriptome |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.632033/full |
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