Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery
Despite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers...
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Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/9/7/1276/ |
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doaj-63b65bb9349f4469b84badc4dca5c91e2020-11-25T02:45:26ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672008-07-019712761320Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid DeliveryTobias RestleSandra D. LauferSandra VeldhoenDespite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers, branched dendrimers, cationic liposomes and cellpenetrating peptides (CPPs). The latter represent an assortment of fairly unrelated sequences essentially characterised by a high content of basic amino acids and a length of 10-30 residues. CPPs are capable of mediating the cellular uptake of hydrophilic macromolecules like peptides and nucleic acids (e.g. siRNAs, aptamers and antisenseoligonucleotides), which are internalised by cells at a very low rate when applied alone. Up to now, numerous sequences have been reported to show cell-penetrating properties and many of them have been used to successfully transport a variety of different cargos into mammalian cells. In recent years, it has become apparent that endocytosis is a major route of internalisation even though the mechanisms underlying the cellular translocation of CPPs are poorly understood and still subject to controversial discussions. In this review, we will summarise the latest developments in peptide-based cellular delivery of nucleic acid cargos. We will discuss different mechanisms of entry, the intracellular fate of the cargo, correlation studies of uptake versus biological activity of the cargo as well as technical problems and pitfalls.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/9/7/1276/cell-penetrating peptidesnucleic acid drugsnucleic acid deliveryendocytosis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tobias Restle Sandra D. Laufer Sandra Veldhoen |
spellingShingle |
Tobias Restle Sandra D. Laufer Sandra Veldhoen Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery International Journal of Molecular Sciences cell-penetrating peptides nucleic acid drugs nucleic acid delivery endocytosis |
author_facet |
Tobias Restle Sandra D. Laufer Sandra Veldhoen |
author_sort |
Tobias Restle |
title |
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery |
title_short |
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery |
title_full |
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery |
title_fullStr |
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery |
title_full_unstemmed |
Recent Developments in Peptide-Based Nucleic Acid Delivery |
title_sort |
recent developments in peptide-based nucleic acid delivery |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2008-07-01 |
description |
Despite the fact that non-viral nucleic acid delivery systems are generally considered to be less efficient than viral vectors, they have gained much interest in recent years due to their superior safety profile compared to their viral counterpart. Among these synthetic vectors are cationic polymers, branched dendrimers, cationic liposomes and cellpenetrating peptides (CPPs). The latter represent an assortment of fairly unrelated sequences essentially characterised by a high content of basic amino acids and a length of 10-30 residues. CPPs are capable of mediating the cellular uptake of hydrophilic macromolecules like peptides and nucleic acids (e.g. siRNAs, aptamers and antisenseoligonucleotides), which are internalised by cells at a very low rate when applied alone. Up to now, numerous sequences have been reported to show cell-penetrating properties and many of them have been used to successfully transport a variety of different cargos into mammalian cells. In recent years, it has become apparent that endocytosis is a major route of internalisation even though the mechanisms underlying the cellular translocation of CPPs are poorly understood and still subject to controversial discussions. In this review, we will summarise the latest developments in peptide-based cellular delivery of nucleic acid cargos. We will discuss different mechanisms of entry, the intracellular fate of the cargo, correlation studies of uptake versus biological activity of the cargo as well as technical problems and pitfalls. |
topic |
cell-penetrating peptides nucleic acid drugs nucleic acid delivery endocytosis |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/9/7/1276/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT tobiasrestle recentdevelopmentsinpeptidebasednucleicaciddelivery AT sandradlaufer recentdevelopmentsinpeptidebasednucleicaciddelivery AT sandraveldhoen recentdevelopmentsinpeptidebasednucleicaciddelivery |
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