Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an established nosocomial pathogen (HA-MRSA, hospital acquired MRSA), but has recently begun to appear in the community (CA-MRSA, community acquired MRSA). The cause of resistance to methicillin and all other β-lactam antibiotics is the mecA gene, which...
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doaj-644eb21467054e31bc8724d22c8ef7092020-11-25T03:14:20ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases1678-4391141717610.1590/S1413-86702010000100014S1413-86702010000100014Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in BrazilKarinne Spirandelli Carvalho0Elsa Masae Mamizuka1Paulo P Gontijo Filho2Universidade Federal de UberlândiaUniversidade de São PauloUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an established nosocomial pathogen (HA-MRSA, hospital acquired MRSA), but has recently begun to appear in the community (CA-MRSA, community acquired MRSA). The cause of resistance to methicillin and all other β-lactam antibiotics is the mecA gene, which is situated on a mobile genetic element, the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). Seven major variants of SCCmec, type I to VII are distinguished. HA-MRSA disseminated worldwide and causes the majority of S. aureus nosocomial infections with a limited number of clones disseminated including the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC, ST239-MRSA-III). CA-MRSA isolates are susceptible to non-β-lactam antibiotics, usually isolated from healthy individuals which do not possess any unknown risk factors for MRSA infection and are associated with a larger clonal diversity compared with HA-MRSA. However, during recent years distinction between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA is beginning to fade. Actually, knowledge about MRSA disseminating clones is required to implement any strategies to control the transmission of MRSA either within hospitals or in community. For this reason, rapid identification of strains is an important issue. The rate of HA-MRSA can be reduced substantially through the implementation of interventions strategies, even in settings where MRSA is endemic as in most Brazilian hospitals. However, these policies could be quite complicated in the light of an increasing CA-MRSA prevalence in healthcare facilities, considering that distinction between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA has started to disappear.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100014&lng=en&tlng=enmethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureuscommunity acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusnosocomial infections and community infections |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Elsa Masae Mamizuka Paulo P Gontijo Filho |
spellingShingle |
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Elsa Masae Mamizuka Paulo P Gontijo Filho Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections and community infections |
author_facet |
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho Elsa Masae Mamizuka Paulo P Gontijo Filho |
author_sort |
Karinne Spirandelli Carvalho |
title |
Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil |
title_short |
Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil |
title_full |
Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil |
title_fullStr |
Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Methicillin/Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in Brazil |
title_sort |
methicillin/oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus as a hospital and public health threat in brazil |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1678-4391 |
description |
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is an established nosocomial pathogen (HA-MRSA, hospital acquired MRSA), but has recently begun to appear in the community (CA-MRSA, community acquired MRSA). The cause of resistance to methicillin and all other β-lactam antibiotics is the mecA gene, which is situated on a mobile genetic element, the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). Seven major variants of SCCmec, type I to VII are distinguished. HA-MRSA disseminated worldwide and causes the majority of S. aureus nosocomial infections with a limited number of clones disseminated including the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC, ST239-MRSA-III). CA-MRSA isolates are susceptible to non-β-lactam antibiotics, usually isolated from healthy individuals which do not possess any unknown risk factors for MRSA infection and are associated with a larger clonal diversity compared with HA-MRSA. However, during recent years distinction between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA is beginning to fade. Actually, knowledge about MRSA disseminating clones is required to implement any strategies to control the transmission of MRSA either within hospitals or in community. For this reason, rapid identification of strains is an important issue. The rate of HA-MRSA can be reduced substantially through the implementation of interventions strategies, even in settings where MRSA is endemic as in most Brazilian hospitals. However, these policies could be quite complicated in the light of an increasing CA-MRSA prevalence in healthcare facilities, considering that distinction between HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA has started to disappear. |
topic |
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections and community infections |
url |
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1413-86702010000100014&lng=en&tlng=en |
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