MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds
Global wind observations are fundamental for studying weather and climate dynamics and for operational forecasting. Most wind measurements come from atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) by tracking the displacement of cloud or water vapor features. These AMVs generally rely on thermal infrared (IR) tec...
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doaj-6496d1ad85774d76a2524c790110893d2020-11-24T22:58:24ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922018-11-011012188510.3390/rs10121885rs10121885MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO WindsJames L. Carr0Dong L. Wu1Michael A. Kelly2Jie Gong3Carr Astronautics, 6404 Ivy Lane, Suite 333, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USANASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USAJohns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USANASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20770, USAGlobal wind observations are fundamental for studying weather and climate dynamics and for operational forecasting. Most wind measurements come from atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) by tracking the displacement of cloud or water vapor features. These AMVs generally rely on thermal infrared (IR) techniques for their height assignments, which are subject to large uncertainties in the presence of weak or reversed vertical temperature gradients near the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and tropopause folds. Stereo imaging can overcome the height assignment problem using geometric parallax for feature height determination. In this study we develop a stereo 3D-Wind algorithm to simultaneously retrieve AMV and height from geostationary (GEO) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite imagery and apply it to collocated Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) imagery. The new algorithm improves AMV and height relative to products from GOES or MISR alone, with an estimated accuracy of <0.5 m/s in AMV and <200 m in height with 2.2 km sampling. The algorithm can be generalized to other LEO-GEO or LEO-LEO combinations for greater spatiotemporal coverage. The technique demonstrated with MISR and GOES has important implications for future high-quality AMV observations, for which a low-cost constellation of CubeSats can play a vital role.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/18853D-Windsatmospheric motion vectors (AMVs)MISRGOES-Rplanetary boundary layer (PBL)stereo imagingparallaxCubeSats |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
James L. Carr Dong L. Wu Michael A. Kelly Jie Gong |
spellingShingle |
James L. Carr Dong L. Wu Michael A. Kelly Jie Gong MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds Remote Sensing 3D-Winds atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) MISR GOES-R planetary boundary layer (PBL) stereo imaging parallax CubeSats |
author_facet |
James L. Carr Dong L. Wu Michael A. Kelly Jie Gong |
author_sort |
James L. Carr |
title |
MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds |
title_short |
MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds |
title_full |
MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds |
title_fullStr |
MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds |
title_full_unstemmed |
MISR-GOES 3D Winds: Implications for Future LEO-GEO and LEO-LEO Winds |
title_sort |
misr-goes 3d winds: implications for future leo-geo and leo-leo winds |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Remote Sensing |
issn |
2072-4292 |
publishDate |
2018-11-01 |
description |
Global wind observations are fundamental for studying weather and climate dynamics and for operational forecasting. Most wind measurements come from atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) by tracking the displacement of cloud or water vapor features. These AMVs generally rely on thermal infrared (IR) techniques for their height assignments, which are subject to large uncertainties in the presence of weak or reversed vertical temperature gradients near the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and tropopause folds. Stereo imaging can overcome the height assignment problem using geometric parallax for feature height determination. In this study we develop a stereo 3D-Wind algorithm to simultaneously retrieve AMV and height from geostationary (GEO) and low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite imagery and apply it to collocated Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) imagery. The new algorithm improves AMV and height relative to products from GOES or MISR alone, with an estimated accuracy of <0.5 m/s in AMV and <200 m in height with 2.2 km sampling. The algorithm can be generalized to other LEO-GEO or LEO-LEO combinations for greater spatiotemporal coverage. The technique demonstrated with MISR and GOES has important implications for future high-quality AMV observations, for which a low-cost constellation of CubeSats can play a vital role. |
topic |
3D-Winds atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) MISR GOES-R planetary boundary layer (PBL) stereo imaging parallax CubeSats |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/10/12/1885 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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