Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i>
Heterophylly is the phenomenon of leaf forms varying along the longitudinal axis within a single plant. <i>Populus euphratica</i>, a heterophyllous woody plant, develops lanceolate leaves and dentate broad-ovate leaves on the bottom and top of the canopy, respectively, which are faced wi...
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doaj-6525787899fb46b6973c71fd58c4e18f2020-11-24T21:19:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-10-012020514810.3390/ijms20205148ijms20205148Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i>Ming Zeng0Shuhang He1Lin Hao2Yujie Li3Caixia Zheng4Yuanyuan Zhao5College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaCollege of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, No. 35 Qing Hua Dong Lu, Beijing 100083, ChinaHeterophylly is the phenomenon of leaf forms varying along the longitudinal axis within a single plant. <i>Populus euphratica</i>, a heterophyllous woody plant, develops lanceolate leaves and dentate broad-ovate leaves on the bottom and top of the canopy, respectively, which are faced with different intensities of ambient solar radiation. However, the mechanism of the heteromorphic leaf response to the microenvironment in <i>P. euphratica</i> remains elusive. Here, we show that the dentate broad-ovate leaves have advantages in tolerating high light intensity, while lanceolate leaves are excellent at capturing light. Compared with lanceolate leaves, more trichomes, higher stomatal density, thicker lamina, and higher specific leaf weight were observed in dentate broad-ovate leaves. Furthermore, high-throughput RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the expression patterns of genes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are different between the two heteromorphic leaves. A total of 36,492 genes and 1725 lncRNAs were detected, among which 586 genes and 54 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. Based on targets prediction, lncRNAs and target genes involved in light adaption, protein repair, stress response, and growth and development pathways were differentially expressed in heteromorphic leaves, 10 pairs of which were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, the analysis of interactions indicated that lncRNA−mRNA interactions were involved in the response to the microenvironment of heteromorphic leaves. Taken together, these results suggest that the morphological features and joint regulation of lncRNA−mRNA in heteromorphic leaves may serve as survival strategies for <i>P. euphratica</i>, which could lead to optimal utilization of environmental factors.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/20/5148heterophylly<i>populus euphratica</i> oliv.lncrna-mrnalightenvironmental heterogeneity |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ming Zeng Shuhang He Lin Hao Yujie Li Caixia Zheng Yuanyuan Zhao |
spellingShingle |
Ming Zeng Shuhang He Lin Hao Yujie Li Caixia Zheng Yuanyuan Zhao Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences heterophylly <i>populus euphratica</i> oliv. lncrna-mrna light environmental heterogeneity |
author_facet |
Ming Zeng Shuhang He Lin Hao Yujie Li Caixia Zheng Yuanyuan Zhao |
author_sort |
Ming Zeng |
title |
Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> |
title_short |
Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> |
title_full |
Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> |
title_fullStr |
Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
Conjoint Analysis of Genome-Wide lncRNA and mRNA Expression of Heteromorphic Leavesin Response to Environmental Heterogeneityin <i>Populus euphratica</i> |
title_sort |
conjoint analysis of genome-wide lncrna and mrna expression of heteromorphic leavesin response to environmental heterogeneityin <i>populus euphratica</i> |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Heterophylly is the phenomenon of leaf forms varying along the longitudinal axis within a single plant. <i>Populus euphratica</i>, a heterophyllous woody plant, develops lanceolate leaves and dentate broad-ovate leaves on the bottom and top of the canopy, respectively, which are faced with different intensities of ambient solar radiation. However, the mechanism of the heteromorphic leaf response to the microenvironment in <i>P. euphratica</i> remains elusive. Here, we show that the dentate broad-ovate leaves have advantages in tolerating high light intensity, while lanceolate leaves are excellent at capturing light. Compared with lanceolate leaves, more trichomes, higher stomatal density, thicker lamina, and higher specific leaf weight were observed in dentate broad-ovate leaves. Furthermore, high-throughput RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the expression patterns of genes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are different between the two heteromorphic leaves. A total of 36,492 genes and 1725 lncRNAs were detected, among which 586 genes and 54 lncRNAs were differentially expressed. Based on targets prediction, lncRNAs and target genes involved in light adaption, protein repair, stress response, and growth and development pathways were differentially expressed in heteromorphic leaves, 10 pairs of which were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR. Additionally, the analysis of interactions indicated that lncRNA−mRNA interactions were involved in the response to the microenvironment of heteromorphic leaves. Taken together, these results suggest that the morphological features and joint regulation of lncRNA−mRNA in heteromorphic leaves may serve as survival strategies for <i>P. euphratica</i>, which could lead to optimal utilization of environmental factors. |
topic |
heterophylly <i>populus euphratica</i> oliv. lncrna-mrna light environmental heterogeneity |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/20/5148 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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