Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis
Rodolfo Paoletti1,2, Chiara Bolego1, Andrea Poli2, Andrea Cignarella1,31Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; 2Nutrition Foundation of Italy (NFI), Milan; 3Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, University of Padova, ItalyAbstract: The inflammatory component of...
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2006-06-01
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doaj-6585b7c46630434497aa7c76487268cd2020-11-24T23:01:50ZengDove Medical PressVascular Health and Risk Management1178-20482006-06-01Volume 21451521413Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosisRodolfo PaolettiChiara BolegoAndrea PoliAndrea CignarellaRodolfo Paoletti1,2, Chiara Bolego1, Andrea Poli2, Andrea Cignarella1,31Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; 2Nutrition Foundation of Italy (NFI), Milan; 3Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, University of Padova, ItalyAbstract: The inflammatory component of atherogenesis has been increasingly recognized over the last decade. Inflammation participates in all stages of atherosclerosis, not only during initiation and during evolution of lesions, but also with precipitation of acute thrombotic complications. The metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for development of both cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes in humans. Central obesity and insulin resistance are thought to represent common underlying factors of the syndrome, which features a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome occurs using defined threshold values for waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose and dyslipidemia. The metabolic syndrome appears to affect a significant proportion of the population. Therapeutic approaches that reduce the levels of proinflammatory biomarkers and address traditional risk factors are particularly important in preventing cardiovascular disease and, potentially, diabetes. The primary management of metabolic syndrome involves healthy lifestyle promotion through moderate calorie restriction, moderate increase in physical activity and change in dietary composition. Treatment of individual components aims to control atherogenic dyslipidemia using fibrates and statins, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia. While no single treatment for the metabolic syndrome as a whole yet exists, emerging therapies offer potential as future therapeutic approaches.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation, coronary artery diseasehttps://www.dovepress.com/metabolic-syndrome-inflammation-and-atherosclerosis-peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rodolfo Paoletti Chiara Bolego Andrea Poli Andrea Cignarella |
spellingShingle |
Rodolfo Paoletti Chiara Bolego Andrea Poli Andrea Cignarella Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis Vascular Health and Risk Management |
author_facet |
Rodolfo Paoletti Chiara Bolego Andrea Poli Andrea Cignarella |
author_sort |
Rodolfo Paoletti |
title |
Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
title_short |
Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
title_full |
Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
title_fullStr |
Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
title_sort |
metabolic syndrome, inflammation and atherosclerosis |
publisher |
Dove Medical Press |
series |
Vascular Health and Risk Management |
issn |
1178-2048 |
publishDate |
2006-06-01 |
description |
Rodolfo Paoletti1,2, Chiara Bolego1, Andrea Poli2, Andrea Cignarella1,31Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Italy; 2Nutrition Foundation of Italy (NFI), Milan; 3Department of Pharmacology and Anesthesiology, University of Padova, ItalyAbstract: The inflammatory component of atherogenesis has been increasingly recognized over the last decade. Inflammation participates in all stages of atherosclerosis, not only during initiation and during evolution of lesions, but also with precipitation of acute thrombotic complications. The metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for development of both cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes in humans. Central obesity and insulin resistance are thought to represent common underlying factors of the syndrome, which features a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. Diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome occurs using defined threshold values for waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose and dyslipidemia. The metabolic syndrome appears to affect a significant proportion of the population. Therapeutic approaches that reduce the levels of proinflammatory biomarkers and address traditional risk factors are particularly important in preventing cardiovascular disease and, potentially, diabetes. The primary management of metabolic syndrome involves healthy lifestyle promotion through moderate calorie restriction, moderate increase in physical activity and change in dietary composition. Treatment of individual components aims to control atherogenic dyslipidemia using fibrates and statins, elevated blood pressure, and hyperglycemia. While no single treatment for the metabolic syndrome as a whole yet exists, emerging therapies offer potential as future therapeutic approaches.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation, coronary artery disease |
url |
https://www.dovepress.com/metabolic-syndrome-inflammation-and-atherosclerosis-peer-reviewed-article-VHRM |
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