The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria
The presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is unequivocally linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only it is the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy bodies but mutations and duplication/triplication in its gene are responsible for the onset of familial autosoma...
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doaj-66aa150377b24778978118fad32d450e2020-11-24T21:56:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2018-06-011210.3389/fnins.2018.00388380543The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and MitochondriaMattia Vicario0Domenico Cieri1Marisa Brini2Tito Calì3Tito Calì4Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyPadova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyThe presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is unequivocally linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only it is the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy bodies but mutations and duplication/triplication in its gene are responsible for the onset of familial autosomal dominant forms of PD. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms leading to neuronal degeneration are not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that impaired autophagy clearance and mitochondrial dysfunctions such as bioenergetics and calcium handling defects and alteration in mitochondrial morphology might play a pivotal role in the etiology and progression of PD, and indicate the intriguing possibility that α-syn could be involved in the control of mitochondrial function both in physiological and pathological conditions. In favor of this, it has been shown that a fraction of cellular α-syn can selectively localize to mitochondrial sub-compartments upon specific stimuli, highlighting possible novel routes for α-syn action. A plethora of mitochondrial processes, including cytochrome c release, calcium homeostasis, control of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, is directly influenced by α-syn. Eventually, α-syn localization within mitochondria may also account for its aggregation state, making the α-syn/mitochondria intimate relationship a potential key for the understanding of PD pathogenesis. Here, we will deeply survey the recent literature in the field by focusing our attention on the processes directly controlled by α-syn within mitochondrial sub-compartments and its potential partners providing possible hints for future therapeutic targets.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00388/fullalpha-synucleinmitochondriaParkinson diseaseneurodegenerationbioenergetics |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mattia Vicario Domenico Cieri Marisa Brini Tito Calì Tito Calì |
spellingShingle |
Mattia Vicario Domenico Cieri Marisa Brini Tito Calì Tito Calì The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria Frontiers in Neuroscience alpha-synuclein mitochondria Parkinson disease neurodegeneration bioenergetics |
author_facet |
Mattia Vicario Domenico Cieri Marisa Brini Tito Calì Tito Calì |
author_sort |
Mattia Vicario |
title |
The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria |
title_short |
The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria |
title_full |
The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria |
title_fullStr |
The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Close Encounter Between Alpha-Synuclein and Mitochondria |
title_sort |
close encounter between alpha-synuclein and mitochondria |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-453X |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
The presynaptic protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is unequivocally linked to the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Not only it is the major component of amyloid fibrils found in Lewy bodies but mutations and duplication/triplication in its gene are responsible for the onset of familial autosomal dominant forms of PD. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms leading to neuronal degeneration are not fully understood. Several lines of evidence suggest that impaired autophagy clearance and mitochondrial dysfunctions such as bioenergetics and calcium handling defects and alteration in mitochondrial morphology might play a pivotal role in the etiology and progression of PD, and indicate the intriguing possibility that α-syn could be involved in the control of mitochondrial function both in physiological and pathological conditions. In favor of this, it has been shown that a fraction of cellular α-syn can selectively localize to mitochondrial sub-compartments upon specific stimuli, highlighting possible novel routes for α-syn action. A plethora of mitochondrial processes, including cytochrome c release, calcium homeostasis, control of mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP production, is directly influenced by α-syn. Eventually, α-syn localization within mitochondria may also account for its aggregation state, making the α-syn/mitochondria intimate relationship a potential key for the understanding of PD pathogenesis. Here, we will deeply survey the recent literature in the field by focusing our attention on the processes directly controlled by α-syn within mitochondrial sub-compartments and its potential partners providing possible hints for future therapeutic targets. |
topic |
alpha-synuclein mitochondria Parkinson disease neurodegeneration bioenergetics |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2018.00388/full |
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