Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism
Awareness of risks posed by widespread presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and bioavailability and potential to interact with organic pollutants has been increasing. Inhalation is one of the more important pathways of exposure of humans to NPs. In this study, combined toxicity of concentrations of polyst...
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doaj-66fb6958430a40ecabbeca08d471bfb22021-04-23T06:16:32ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132021-04-01213112041Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanismQingying Shi0Jingchun Tang1Lan Wang2Rutao Liu3John P. Giesy4Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaKey Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Corresponding author.Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, China-America CRC for Environment & Health, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, ChinaToxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Dept. Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada; Dept. Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798-7266, USAAwareness of risks posed by widespread presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and bioavailability and potential to interact with organic pollutants has been increasing. Inhalation is one of the more important pathways of exposure of humans to NPs. In this study, combined toxicity of concentrations of polystyrene NPs and various phthalate esters (PAEs), some of the most common plasticizers, including dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on human lung epithelial A549 cells were investigated. When co-exposed, 20 μg NPs/mL increased viabilities of cells exposed to either DBP or DEHP and the modulation of toxic potency of DEHP was greater than that of DBP, while the 200 μg NPs/mL resulted in lesser viability of cells. PAEs sorbed to NPs decreased free phase concentrations (Cfree) of PAEs, which resulted in a corresponding lesser bioavailability and joint toxicity at the lesser concentration of NPs. The opposite effect was observed at the greater concentration of NPs, which may result from the dominated role of NPs in the combined toxicity. Furthermore, our data showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions were mechanisms for combined cytotoxicities of PAEs and NPs on A549 cells. Results of this study emphasized the combined toxic effects and mechanisms on human lung cells, which are helpful for assessing the risk of the co-exposure of NPs and organic contaminants in humans.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321001524PAEsCombined cytotoxicityBioavailabilityInhalation exposureInflammationOxidative stress |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Qingying Shi Jingchun Tang Lan Wang Rutao Liu John P. Giesy |
spellingShingle |
Qingying Shi Jingchun Tang Lan Wang Rutao Liu John P. Giesy Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety PAEs Combined cytotoxicity Bioavailability Inhalation exposure Inflammation Oxidative stress |
author_facet |
Qingying Shi Jingchun Tang Lan Wang Rutao Liu John P. Giesy |
author_sort |
Qingying Shi |
title |
Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism |
title_short |
Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism |
title_full |
Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism |
title_fullStr |
Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism |
title_full_unstemmed |
Combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism |
title_sort |
combined cytotoxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics and phthalate esters on human lung epithelial a549 cells and its mechanism |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
issn |
0147-6513 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Awareness of risks posed by widespread presence of nanoplastics (NPs) and bioavailability and potential to interact with organic pollutants has been increasing. Inhalation is one of the more important pathways of exposure of humans to NPs. In this study, combined toxicity of concentrations of polystyrene NPs and various phthalate esters (PAEs), some of the most common plasticizers, including dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethyl hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on human lung epithelial A549 cells were investigated. When co-exposed, 20 μg NPs/mL increased viabilities of cells exposed to either DBP or DEHP and the modulation of toxic potency of DEHP was greater than that of DBP, while the 200 μg NPs/mL resulted in lesser viability of cells. PAEs sorbed to NPs decreased free phase concentrations (Cfree) of PAEs, which resulted in a corresponding lesser bioavailability and joint toxicity at the lesser concentration of NPs. The opposite effect was observed at the greater concentration of NPs, which may result from the dominated role of NPs in the combined toxicity. Furthermore, our data showed that oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions were mechanisms for combined cytotoxicities of PAEs and NPs on A549 cells. Results of this study emphasized the combined toxic effects and mechanisms on human lung cells, which are helpful for assessing the risk of the co-exposure of NPs and organic contaminants in humans. |
topic |
PAEs Combined cytotoxicity Bioavailability Inhalation exposure Inflammation Oxidative stress |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651321001524 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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